东北地区制造业空间格局演化及其空气污染环境效应——基于企业数据的实证  

Spatial pattern of manufacturing industry and its impact on air pollution in Northeast China based on enterprise data

作　　者：王婷婷 宋飏 钱思彤 张瑜 WANG Tingting;SONG Yang;QIAN Sitong;ZHANG Yu(School of Geographical Science,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China;Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security of Changbai Mountains,Ministry of Education,Changchun 130024,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学地理科学学院,长春130024 [2]长白山地理过程与生态安全教育部重点实验室,长春130024

出　　处：《地理研究》2022年第1期193-209,共17页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41630749);国家社会科学基金一般项目(17BJL051);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金团队项目(1709103);吉林省科技厅创新发展战略研究项目。

摘　　要：基于企业数据与空间计量方法,总结2005年、2010年、2015年和2020年东北地区制造业空间格局演化特征,并在分析地区空气污染同期变化的基础上,探讨制造业空间格局演化对空气污染的环境效应。结果表明:(1)东北地区制造业集聚水平逐渐增高,并形成多个新兴"热点区",31个细分行业大类均呈集聚分布,资本规模由高度集中向"T字形"铁路周边沿线城市扩散。(2)东北地区产业结构清洁度与产业技术高级度均呈下降趋势,在县区尺度上体现出空间差异且有不同程度的增幅和降幅。(3)制造业空间格局对空气污染具有显著的集聚效应和技术效应,二者分别表现为拥挤效应和回弹效应,但规模效应和结构效应不明显。The manufacturing industry consists of many polluting sectors.The unreasonable spatial pattern of the manufacturing industry causes environmental problems,especially PM2.5 air pollution.Northeast China is a typical old industrial base.Many of the problems facing its manufacturing industry,such as the heavy and single industrial structure and unreasonable industrial layout,need to be addressed urgently.In the new period of the construction of a national ecological civilization and overall revitalization of Northeast China,research into the evolution of the spatial pattern of manufacturing industry and its environmental impacts on air pollution is of great importance for optimizing regional industrial spatial layout,advancing industrial transformation and upgrading,and promoting coordinated economic development.This paper analyzes the spatial pattern and environmental impacts of the manufacturing industry in Northeast China in the period 2005-2020,using a large dataset with 43112 data records on above-scale enterprises.Multiple spatial data analysis techniques,such as kernel density estimation,nearest neighbor analysis,spatial autocorrelation analysis,and spatial lag model were used.The results show that:(1)In Northeast China,the agglomeration hotspots of manufacturing enterprises are mainly located in the‘Harbin-Changchun-Shenyang-AnshanDalian’axis area,and the overall level of the agglomeration is gradually increasing.Among them,the agglomeration level of high-tech industries is higher,while that of low-tech industries is lower.The capital scale has expanded from a high degree of concentration to cities along the‘T’-shaped railway.(2)The industrial structure cleanliness and the industrial technology upgrade are gradually declining.The two indices are spatially different at the county scale and have different magnitudes of increase and decrease.High-polluting enterprises are mainly located in the central and southern parts of the region.(3)The spatial pattern of the manufacturing industry has significant a

关 键 词：制造业 空间格局演化 环境效应 PM 企业数据 东北地区 

分 类 号：F427[经济管理—产业经济] X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]