基于角接触球轴承的小型经纬仪方位轴倾斜误差修正  

Tilt error correction of minitype theodolite’s vertical shaft based on angular contact ball bearings

作　　者：李翔宇 彭勃 江波[1] 阮萍[1] Li Xiangyu;Peng Bo;Jiang Bo;Ruan Ping(Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710119,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所,陕西西安710119 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2021年第12期416-426,共11页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61805275);中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养引进计划(XAB2017B27)。

摘　　要：基于角接触球轴承的小型经纬仪方位轴系设计往往参照相似模型进行估算和类比,该方法可提高设计效率,且设计轴系具备较好工程实施性,但这种基于经验的设计往往不是最佳设计,具有优化改进空间。针对某小型经纬仪的方位轴系,从方位轴倾斜误差修正角度出发,基于物理模型确定了轴系优化参数,利用有限元分析方法对轴承外压圈设计参数进行了优化,同时通过方位轴倾斜误差理论建模对轴承配合间隙设计参数值选择进行了分析,并在偏载吊装条件下对该小型经纬仪优化前后的二轴差进行检测。结果表明,优化前经纬仪二轴差约为20″,优化后经纬仪二轴差最大约为6″,优化后方位轴倾斜误差明显小于优化前,进而验证了所述优化方法的合理性和有效性。The design of minitype theodolite ’s vertical shaft which based on angular contact ball bearings usually refer to similar model for estimation and analogy. This method can effectively improve the design efficiency as well as endowing the vertical shaft a better engineering practicability. However, these experiencebased designs hardly reach the best options, hence leaves room for optimizing and improvements. The vertical shaft of a small theodolite was studied from tilt error correction. The shaft optimization parameters were determined based on the physical model. Then the design parameters of bearing outer end ring were optimized by using finite element analysis. At the same time, the selection of bearing fit clearance’s design parameter values were analyzed through tilt error theoretical modeling. Meanwhile, the biaxial perpendicularity errors of this small theodolite with and without optimizing were both detected after partial load hoisting. The result shows that the biaxial perpendicularity error of optimized theodolite is lower with an approximate value of 6 ", compared unoptimized theodolite with an approximate value of 20". Tilt error of the rear vertical shaft is less than that before optimizing. The rationality and effectiveness of this optimization method mentioned are verified.

关 键 词：光电经纬仪 方位轴系 有限元分析 轴系误差 

分 类 号：TH745[机械工程—光学工程]