宁波市海曙区地产茎菜类蔬菜中重金属污染状况分析  

Analysis of heavy metal pollution in real estate stem vegetables in Haishu District,Ningbo City

作　　者：齐敏 杨双喜 汪娌娜[1] 洪丽虹 QI Min;YANG Shuang-xi;WANG Li-na;HONG Li-hong(Haishu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315153,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市海曙区疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315153

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2021年第24期3034-3036,3043,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：海曙区科技计划项目(海科【2018】40号)。

摘　　要：目的了解宁波市海曙区地产茎菜类蔬菜中重金属污染状况。方法选择海曙区5个乡镇采集的369份地产新鲜茎菜类蔬菜,对样品中镉、铅、汞、砷和铬重金属污染指标进行检测。结果采用单因子污染指数和内梅罗综合污染指数法进行污染状况评价。结果金属镉、铅、汞、砷、铬污染率从高到低依次为汞(99.1%)>镉(75.2%)>砷(64.2%)>铬(45.0%)>铅(28.0%),超标率从高到低依次为铬(13.2%)>镉(5.0%)>砷(4.0%)>汞(3.2%)>铅(0.9%)。调查的茎菜类蔬菜的重金属风险程度依次为芋头>竹笋>茭白、莴苣>马铃薯、莲藕、生姜、葱、蒜。结论海曙区地产茎菜类蔬菜中存在重金属不同程度污染。金属铬是茎菜类蔬菜中最主要的超标元素,金属镉仅在芋头样品中检出超标且含量较高。建议相关部门加强控制措施,分级管理,综合治理,有效解决茎菜类蔬菜中重金属污染问题。Objective To investigate the heavy metal pollution in stem vegetables in Haishu District of Ningbo City.Methods A total of 369 fresh local stem vegetables collected from 5 towns of Haishu District were selected to detect cadmium,lead,mercury,arsenic and chromium elements.The single factor pollution index and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index were used to evaluate the pollution status.Results The contamination rate of cadmium,lead,mercury,arsenic and chromium from high to low was mercury(99.1%)>cadmium(75.2%)>arsenic(64.2%)>chromium(45.0%)>lead(28.0%),and the over-standard rate from high to low was:chromium(13.2%)>cadmium(5.0%)>arsenic(4.0%)>mercury(3.2%)>lead(0.9%).The risk degree of heavy metals in stem vegetables investigated was in order:taro>bamboo shoot>water bamboo and lettuce>potato,lotus root,ginger,spring onion and garlic.Conclusion Heavy metal pollution exists in stem vegetables with varying degrees in Haishu District.Metal chromium is the main element exceeding the standard in stem vegetables,and metal cadmium is found to exceed the standard only in taro samples with high content.It is suggested that the related departments need strengthen the control measures,level management,comprehensive treatment,and try to solve the problem of heavy metal pollution in stem vegetables effectively.

关 键 词：茎菜类 蔬菜 重金属 污染 分析 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]