基于实测的城市220 kV户内变电站站界电磁环境分析  

Field measurements study on electromagnetic environment at boundaries of 220 kV indoor substations in urban areas

作　　者：林旗力 余飞 宋凯 LIN Qili;YU Fei;SONG Kai(East China Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.of China Power Engineering Consulting Group,Shanghai 200001,China;Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center,Beijing 20082,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院有限公司,上海200001 [2]生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082

出　　处：《电力科技与环保》2022年第1期56-64,共9页Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection

基　　金：生态环境部核与辐射安全监管项目资助(JD201840)。

摘　　要：近年来,城市户内变电站的电磁环境问题越来越受到公众关注,并且在理论上预测难度较大。选取上海城区3座典型220 kV户内变电站,在其站界处分别布置了27~28个测点,依据标准HJ 681-2013对标准站界电磁环境进行了实测分析。结果表明,3座220 kV户内变电站站界处工频电场强度最大值为0.755 V/m,且90%以上的测点在0.5 V/m以下,远低于GB 8702-2014标准规定的4000 V/m的标准限值。站界处工频磁感应强度最大值为3.2314μT,且90%以上的测点工频磁感应强度在0.8μT以下,远低于GB 8702-2014标准规定的100μT的标准限值。各站站界测点工频电场强度的变异系数(1.9%~14.4%)明显小于工频磁感应强度的变异系数(99.6%~170.8%),站界处工频磁场测量结果的离散程度大于工频电场测量结果。各站电缆上方测点的工频电场强度和其余测点差异不大,而电缆上方测点的工频磁场水平则明显高于其余测点,所以站界工频磁场水平会受到地下电缆的影响。在站界距主体建筑较近的情况下,其工频磁场水平还可能受到建筑内主变压器、电抗器等电气设备的影响。通过与上海市2017~2019年环境状况公报数据对比发现,户内变电站站界工频电场水平与城市背景值相当,可见变电站对站界处的工频电场水平基本无贡献,而部分测点处的工频磁场水平高于城市背景水平,这也是站界工频磁场测量结果离散程度大于工频电场测量结果的主要原因。The public is paying more and more attention to the electromagnetic environment of indoor substations in urban areas,but it is difficult to predict theoretically.In this paper,three typical 220 kV indoor substations in the urban areas of Shanghai were selected.27-28 measure points were selected at boundaries of each substation,and electromagnetic environment of those substations were measured and analyzed according to HJ 681-2013.As the results shown,the maximum number of the power frequency electric field strengths(PFEFS)at boundaries of three substations was 0.755 V/m,and PFEFS at more than 90%of points were less than 0.5 V/m,which were far below the limits of 4000 V/m regulated by GB 8702-2014.The maximum number of the power frequency magnetic induction strengths(PFMIS)was 3.2314μT,and PFMIS at more than 90%of points were less than 0.8μT,which were far below the limits of 100μT regulated by GB 8702-2014.The variable coefficients of PFEFS at boundaries were obviously less than that of PFMIS,therefore,the degree of dispersion of PFMIS at boundaries is greater than that of PFEFS.PFEFS of the points above cables were little different from that of other points,but PFMIS of the points above cables were obviously greater than that of other points.Hence,the level of the power frequency magnetic field at substation boundary might be affected by the underground cable.In the condition that boundaries were close to the main buildings,power frequency magnetic field at boundaries might be affected by electrical equipment in buildings.Through comparing with the data of Shanghai environmental status bulletin from 2017 to 2019,we found that PFEFS at boundaries of substations were close to urban background data,but PFMIS of some points at boundaries of substations were greater than urban background data.This is also the main reason why the measurement results of PFMIS at substation boundary were more discrete than that of PFEFS.

关 键 词：户内 变电站 站界 工频电场 工频磁场 

分 类 号：TM15[电气工程—电工理论与新技术] X123[环境科学与工程—环境科学]