紫糯小麦籽粒石蜡切片制作技术优化及淀粉粒累积分析  

Optimization of Paraffin Sectioning Technology and Accumulation Analysis of Starch Granules for Grains of Purple Waxy Wheat

作　　者：刘娟[1] 夏文荣[1] 李运 李妍[1] 朱元刚 戴忠民[1] LIU Juan;XIA Wenrong;LI Yun;LI Yan;ZHU Yuangang;DAI Zhongmin(Dezhou University,Dezhou,Shandong 253023,China)

机构地区：[1]德州学院,山东德州253023

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2022年第1期42-53,共12页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019MC032);国家自然科学基金项目(31271667)。

摘　　要：为了探明糯性小麦授粉后籽粒淀粉粒的累积情况,以山农紫糯2号授粉后不同天数的籽粒为试验材料,通过对传统石蜡切片技术的脱水、透明和浸蜡等环节进行改进,制作切片后对小麦籽粒结构发育进行观察研究。结果显示,与传统石蜡切片方法相比较,技术改良70%乙醇和无水乙醇脱水时间与逐级透明和渐进式浸蜡环节后,小麦籽粒(授粉后0~14d)不皱缩变形,石蜡切片完整,且染色分明,结构显示清晰。授粉后0~2d,果皮中已经开始积累少量淀粉粒,随着授粉后天数推移而逐渐增多;授粉后第6天,胚乳内部逐渐由游离核期向细胞化过渡;授粉后第8天,胚乳细胞进一步增大,淀粉粒开始累积,但体积较小;授粉后第10~12天,胚乳细胞向无核化发展,不同部位胚乳细胞和淀粉粒的排列分布呈现明显差异;授粉后第14天,胚乳细胞中几乎完全充满淀粉粒。表明改进的石蜡切片制作方法适合于早期小麦籽粒的结构研究。In order to clarify the accumulation of starch granules in purple waxy wheat,a wheat variety Shannongzinuo 2 was used as experimental material in this study.We made some improvements about the paraffin section of wheat grain,including extending the dehydration time of 70%ethanol and anhydrous ethanol,transparenting with ethanol and xylene,and gradually immersing wax.Using this improved method,we achieved the paraffin section of wheat grain from 0-14 day after pollination(DAP).The structure and staining of wheat grains at 14 DAP is clear and complete.At 0-2 DAP,a small amount of starch granules began to accumulate in the pericarp,which gradually increased with the passage of DAP.On the 6 th day after pollination,the endosperm gradually transited from free nuclear stage to cellular stage.On the 8 th DAP,endosperm cells further increased and starch granules began to accumulate,but the volume was small.On the 10 th-12 th DAP,the endosperm cells developed to denuclearization,and the arrangement and distribution of endosperm cells and starch granules in different parts showed significant differences.On the 14 th DAP,the endosperm cells were almost completely filled with starch granules.The results showed that the improved paraffin section method is suitable for the study of grain structure at early grain-filling stage of wheat.

关 键 词：糯小麦 果皮 胚乳 淀粉粒 石蜡切片 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330