不同土壤镉污染下马铃薯的生物可给性及其对人体的健康风险评价  

Bioavailability and Human Health Risk Assessment of Potato Contaminated with Cadmium in Different Soils

作　　者：张洁[1] 刘克 何雪 李威 冯继红 ZHANG Jie;LIU Ke;HE Xue;LI Wei;FENG Jihong(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2021年第6期544-553,共10页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础[2019]1103号);贵州省科技计划后补助项目(黔科合后补助[2020]3001);国家自然科学基金项目(21866008)。

摘　　要：马铃薯食用部分受土壤重金属镉污染毒害,其生物可给性与人体健康息息相关。试验研究了不同土壤镉浓度污染下,马铃薯中镉(Cd)的生物可给性以及土壤有效态镉对马铃薯生物可给性的影响,以期为马铃薯安全食用提供借鉴。将贵州省主栽马铃薯品种‘青薯9号’种植于采集自威宁、纳雍、凤冈的盆栽土壤中,利用体外(In vitro)模拟胃肠消化(Physiologically based extraction test,PBET)法研究马铃薯中Cd的生物可给性及土壤中有效态镉。结果表明在镉污染浓度分别为0,0.5,1.0,1.5和2.0 mg/kg下,在威宁、纳雍、凤冈盆栽土壤上种植的马铃薯,镉的生物可给性在胃阶段的分别为1.18%~2.87%、2.09%~3.87%、1.74%~4.54%;在小肠阶段的生物可给性分别为0.34%~1.43%、0.83%~1.34%、0.84%~2.20%。在3个地区不同土壤中,马铃薯的生物可给性均与镉污染浓度呈正相关,马铃薯镉的生物可给性在胃阶段均比在小肠阶段高。土壤镉的有效性越高,镉的生物可给性越高,且马铃薯镉的生物可给性(PCd)与土壤有效态(SCd)之间的拟合程度很好。镉污染下马铃薯的胃阶段生物可给性是纳雍土壤最大,凤冈土壤次之,威宁土壤最小;小肠阶段生物可给性是凤冈土壤最大,纳雍土壤次之,威宁土壤最小。在人体健康风险评价中,成人和儿童的健康风险指数危害商(HQ)均<1.0,说明该试验马铃薯中Cd对人体健康风险较小。The edible part of potato is contaminated by soil heavy metal cadmium and its bioavailability is closely related to human health.In this research,the bioavailability of cadmium(Cd)in potato and the effect of soil available Cd on potato bioavailability were studied in order to provide references for potato safety.’Qingshu 9’,the main potato variety in Guizhou Province,was planted in potted soil collected from Weining,Nayong and Fenggang,and the bioavailability of Cd and available Cd in soil were studied by an in vitro physiologically based extraction test(PBET).Under the cadmium pollution concentration of 0,0.5,1.0,1.5 and 2.0 mg/kg in Weining,Nayong and Fenggang soils,the mean values of bioavailability of cadmium in stomach stage was 1.18%-2.87%,2.09%-3.87%,1.74%-4.54%,respectively;the mean bioavailability in small intestine stage was 0.34%-1.43%,0.83%-1.34%,0.84%-2.20%,respectively.The bioavailability of potato was positively correlated with cadmium concentration in different soils in the three regions.The bioavailability of potato cadmium was higher in stomach than in small intestine.The higher the availability of soil cadmium,the higher the bioavailability of cadmium,and the fitting degree between the bioavailability of potato cadmium(PCd)and soil available state(SCd)was very good.Under cadmium pollution,the bioavailability of potato in stomach stage was the highest in Nayong soil,followed by Fenggang and Weining soils;the bioavailability in small intestine stage was the highest in Fenggang soil,followed by Nayong and Weining soils.In the human health risk assessment,the health risk index hazard quotient(HQ)of both adults and children was<1.0,indicating that Cd in the experimental potato had little risk to human health.

关 键 词：镉 生物可给性 马铃薯 人体健康风险 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]