西方古典思想启示与马克思哲学革命的起源--以《关于伊壁鸠鲁哲学的笔记》为中心  

Inspirations from Classical Western Thoughts and the Origin of Marx’s Philosophical Revolution:Based on“Notes on Epicurean Philosophy”

作　　者：郗戈[1,2] 张继栋 Xi Ge;Zhang Jidong(School of Marxism Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;School of International Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学马克思主义学院,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学北京高校思想政治理论课高精尖创新中心,北京100872 [3]中国人民大学国际关系学院,北京100872

出　　处：《教学与研究》2022年第1期34-42,共9页Teaching and Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“《资本论》历史唯物主义思想的当代阐释”(项目号:19AZX002)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：应当以马克思《关于伊壁鸠鲁哲学的笔记》为中心,勘察古希腊哲学思想与马克思哲学革命起源的深层关联,揭示马克思在传统思想与现代哲学之间的复杂思想视域。通过精深的古典学阐释和思想史研究,马克思认为,亚里士多德之后的境遇与黑格尔之后的境遇显著相似,均出现了总体性哲学解体的危机,都呼唤着哲学变革。由此,马克思预见到,黑格尔之后的哲学变革通过"主观形式"重建总体性哲学的可能性路径是自我意识哲学及"哲学的世界化"。"博士论文"及其笔记向我们展现了一位力图在"古今之间"求索哲学革命道路的青年思想家的思想形象。从宏观思想史角度来看,在《关于伊壁鸠鲁哲学的笔记》中传统思想与现代思想之间的关系并不是单向度的,而是双向的相互作用过程,"古典启示"与"现代重构"相互交融。古典思想在启示、激发现代思想者的过程,同时也是现代思想者建构、重构古典思想的过程。在马克思的现代哲学革命的问题意识中,古典思想资源得以再生产因而具有了深刻的"现代性"。It is necessary to reveal Marx’s complex intellectual horizon between traditional thoughts and the modern philosophy by centering on his"Notes on Epicurean Philosophy".Marx argued that there was a remarkable similarity between the situation after Aristotle and that after Hegel,i.e.the total philosophy encountered the crisis of disintegration and a transformation in philosophy was expected.Marx foresaw that a possible way for the transformation in philosophy after Hegel to reconstruct the total philosophy in a"subjective form"lay in the philosophy of self-consciousness and the"materialization of philosophy".Marx’s doctoral dissertation and related notes show us the image of a young thinker trying to find a way of philosophical revolution by bridging the ancient and the modern.Viewed from the perspective of a macro intellectual history,the relationship between traditional and modern thoughts in the"Notes on Epicurean Philosophy"is not one-dimensional.Instead,there is a bidirectional process of interaction,in which"inspirations from classics"and"modern reconstruction"are intertwined.The process in which classical thoughts inspire and motivate modern thinkers is also a process in which modern thinkers construct and reconstruct classical thoughts.In Marx’s consciousness of a modern philosophical revolution,classical thoughts are reproduced and thereby gain profound"modernity".

关 键 词：西方古典思想 马克思哲学革命 自我意识哲学 古今之间 

分 类 号：B502[哲学宗教—外国哲学] B0-0