精神科医护人员对精神病态度20年前后比较  

Change of psychiatric staff's attitudes to psychosis over two decades

作　　者：李丽[1] 陆晓姿[2] 白璐源 周衍芳 范宁[1] 胥德广[3] 兰志敏[1] 王绍礼[1] 高士元 LI Li;LU Xiaozi;BAI Luyuan;ZHOU Yanfang;FAN Ning;XU Deguang;LAN Zhimin;WANG Shaoli;GAO Shiyuan(Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School,Bejjing Huilongguan Hospital,Bejing 100096,China;Qingdao Mental Health Center,Qingdao 266034,Shandong Province,China;Bejjing Ankang Hospital,Beijing 102406,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学回龙观临床医学院,北京回龙观医院,北京100096 [2]青岛市精神卫生中心,山东青岛266034 [3]北京民康医院,北京102406

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2022年第3期191-196,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：北京市医院管理局“登峰”计划专项(DFL20182001)。

摘　　要：目的:了解20年前后精神科医护人员对精神病态度的变化。方法:选取北京回龙观医院、北京安定医院和北京民康医院的精神科医生和护士,1999年218人,2019年298人,用精神病态度调查问卷调查对精神病的态度。结果:2019年精神科医护人员精神病态度调查问卷分量表“精神病患者的行为是暴力和攻击性的”、“精神病不能治疗”、“精神病患者无社会价值”、“应回避精神病患者”、“应限制精神病患者的社会角色”得分均低于1999年的得分(P<0.05),但仍高于50分。多重线性回归分析提示医生(β=0.14、0.22,P<0.05)、男性(β=-0.12,P<0.05)、年龄小(β=-0.16、0.14、0.20、0.23,P<0.05)、受教育程度高(β=-0.28、-0.22、-0.21、-0.12,P<0.05)的医护人员更容易接纳精神病。结论:2019年精神科医护人员对精神病的态度较1999年有轻度改善,但仍存在一定程度的歧视;年轻、受教育程度高的男性医生对精神病的态度更积极乐观。Objective:To compare the attitudes of psychiatric staff to psychosis between 1999 and 2019.Methods:The convenience sampling method was adopted to select doctors and nurses from Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing Anding Hospital and Beijing Minkang Hospital.A total of 218 and 298 psychiatric staff were selected in 1999 and 2019,respectively.Their attitudes toward psychosis were investigated with the psychosis attitude questionnaire.Results:The scores on the subscales of "the behavior of psychopath being violent and aggressive", "psychosis unable to be treated", "mentally patients lacking social value", "avoidance of mental patients recommended",and "limitation of social role of mental patients recommended" in 2019 were lower than those in 1999(P<0.05),but the scores were still above 50.Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that those medical professionals who were doctors(β=0.14,0.22,P<0.05),males(β=-0.12,P<0.05),young(β=-0.16、0.14、0.20、0.23,P<0.05) and well-educated(β=-0.28,-0.22,-0.21,-0.12,P<0.05) were more likely to have an inclusive attitude to psychosis.Conclusion:The attitude of psychiatric medical staff topsychosis in 2019 have been slightly improved compared with that in 1999,however, a certain degree of discrimination still exists.Young and highly educated male doctors are more optimistic about psychosis.

关 键 词：精神科医护人员 精神病 态度 病耻感 

分 类 号：R749.052[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R192.3[医药卫生—临床医学]