稻油轮作农田土壤碳氮微生物群落多样性特征  

Diversity of Carbon and Nitrogen Microbial Communities in Soil of Rice-rape Rotation Farmland

作　　者：邹雪峰 何翔 李铭刚[3] 包玲凤 王雪丽 张庆[1] 施竹凤[1] 倪明 杨济达[1] 杨明英 朱红业[1] 杨佩文[1] ZOU Xuefeng;HE Xiang;LI Minggang;BAO Lingfeng;WANG Xueli;ZHANG Qing;SHI Zhufeng;NI Ming;YANG Jida;YANG Mingying;ZHU Hongye;YANG Peiwen(Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Institute of Microbiology,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南昆明650201 [3]云南大学云南省微生物研究所,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2021年第10期27-35,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660600,31760019)。

摘　　要：在洱海流域水稻-油菜轮作农田设置不同有机碳源相同施用量的7 a长期定位试验,该文基于土壤碳氮转化功能基因cbbL和nifH,运用Illumina-MiSeq高通量测序技术,解析土壤固碳和固氮功能厌氧微生物群落Alpha多样性、Beta多样性及种群组成对有机碳源输入的响应特征。结果表明,有机碳源对土壤碳转化功能厌氧微生物群落的Alpha多样性影响不显著(p≥0.05),而显著降低氮转化功能厌氧微生物的Observed species指数和Shannon指数(p<0.05)。有机碳源输入可促进土壤碳氮转化功能厌氧微生物群落差异性增强,显著提高了变形菌门和放线菌门种群的相对丰度(p<0.05)。在土壤环境因子中,土壤有机质含量对固碳厌氧细菌群落的解释度最高,全氮含量对厌氧固氮细菌群落的解释度最高。有机碳源的外源输入主导了氮转化功能厌氧微生物种群的生理生态功能,进而对氮转化作用的过程产生影响。研究结果有助于准确了解土壤厌氧微生物结构变化对土壤碳氮素变化产生的影响及其途径,为区域农田生态系统优化管理及合理保护提供理论支撑。A seven-year long-term experiment with the same application rate but different types of organic carbon source were conducted in the rice-rape rotation farmland in the Erhai watershed. On the basis of soil carbon and nitrogen transformation functional genes(cbbL and nifH), and using the Illumina-MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology, the Alpha diversity, Beta diversity and the community composition of soil carbon and nitrogen fixation-related microorganism were dissected and their response to the input of organic carbon source was analyzed. As a result, it was showed that the input of organic carbon source scarcely influenced the Alpha diversity of carbon-fixing bacterial communities(p≥0.05), but significantly reduced the number of observed species and Shannon index(p<0.05) of nitrogen fixation-related microorganism.The input of organic carbon source promoted the variations of carbon-fixing bacterial communities, and significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria(p<0.05). The resolution ratio of soil organic matter content, of all the soil environmental factors, was the highest in terms of carbon-fixing bacterial communities, while total nitrogen content was of the highest resolution for nitrogen-fixing bacterial communities. The external input of organic carbon source mainly dominated the physiological and ecological functions of the nitrogen conversion function of the microbial population, furthermore exerting an impact on the process of nitrogen conversion. Hopefully, the results of the study would be helpful for accurately understanding the effects of changes in soil microbial structure on soil carbon and nitrogen, and the pathway to soil nitrogen enhancement, providing theoretical support for the optimal management and reasonable protection of regional farmland ecosystems.

关 键 词：有机碳源 Illumina-MiSeq高通量测序 碳转化细菌种群 氮转化细菌种群 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]