采前喷施水杨酸对红地球葡萄采后果实软化的影响  

Effect of spraying salicylic acid to pre-harvest fruit on softening of postharvest Vitis vinifera L.cv.red globe

作　　者：何庆 郑素慧[2] 秦南南 刘雪艳 关军锋[3] 吴斌[2] 于永春[4] HE Qing;ZHENG Suhui;QIN Nannan;LIU Xueyan;GUAN Junfeng;WU Bin;YU Yongchun(School of Food Science and Pharmacy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Storage and Processing of Agricultural Products,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Institute of Genetics and Physiology,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Shijiazhuang 050051,China;Tekesi county Agricultural Technology Extension Centre,Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture 835500,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [3]河北省农林科学院遗传生理研究所,河北石家庄050051 [4]特克斯县农业技术推广中心,新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州835500

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2022年第4期16-23,共8页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860460);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0401302);新疆自治区自然基金面上项目(2021D01A105)。

摘　　要：为探究采前喷施水杨酸(salicylic acid,SA)处理对红地球葡萄采后果实软化进程的影响,以红地球葡萄为材料,采前喷施1.0 mmol/L SA处理,采收预冷后在常温(22±1)℃贮藏,分析果实品质、原果胶(protopectin,PP)、纤维素、水溶性果胶(water soluble pectin,WSP)含量、细胞壁代谢相关酶活性及基因相对表达量的变化。结果表明,SA能有效延缓失重率、腐烂率和果梗褐变指数上升,硬度、PP和纤维素含量的下降以及WSP含量的增加;抑制果实多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(polygalacturonase,PG)、果胶甲酯酶(pectin methylesterase,PME)、纤维素酶(cellulase,Cx)、β-半乳糖苷酶(β-galactosidase,β-Gal)和β-葡萄糖苷酶(β-glucosidase,β-Glu)活性上升及其相关基因(VvPG、VvPME、Vvβ-Glu和Vvβ-Gal)的表达。采前喷施SA处理可以通过调节细胞壁代谢途径延缓葡萄果实采后软化,PG、PME、Cx、β-Glu和β-Gal参与了红提葡萄果实的软化过程,可延长葡萄的货架期,减少采后因软化和腐烂等问题造成的经济损失,提高葡萄采后食品安全性。To investigate the effects of pre-harvest spraying salicylic acid(SA)on the softening process of postharvest grapes,red globe grape was used as material with the spraying of 1.0 mmol/L SA before harvest,and then stored at room temperature(22±1)℃after pre-cooling.The changes of fruit quality,protopectin(PP),cellulose,water soluble pectin(WSP)contents,cell wall metabolism-related enzyme activities and relative gene expression were analyzed.The results showed that SA could effectively delay the increase of weight loss and decay rate,browning index of fruit stem as well.SA also could decrease the hardness,PP and cellulose content,and increase WSP content.Moreover,SA inhibited the activities of polygalacturonase(PG),pectin methylesterase(PME),cellulase(Cx),β-glucosidase(β-Glu),β-galactosidase(β-Gal)and the expressions of related genes(VvPG,VvPME,Vvβ-Glu and Vvβ-Gal)in fruits.Furthermore,PG,PME,Cx,β-Glu andβ-Gal were involved in the softening process of red grape fruits,which can prolong the shelf life of grapes,reduce the economic losses caused by postharvest softening and rot,and improve the safety of postharvest grapes.

关 键 词：采前喷施 水杨酸 果实软化 红地球葡萄 细胞壁代谢 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]