俄罗斯译介白居易绝句的历史与经验  

The History and Experience of Russian Translation of Bai Juyi’s Quatrains

作　　者：李逸津[1] Li Yijin

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学跨文化与世界文学研究院,天津300387

出　　处：《东北亚外语研究》2022年第1期25-36,共12页Foreign Language Research in Northeast Asia

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国文化域外传播百年史(1807-1949)”(17ZDA195)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：俄译白居易绝句始于20世纪初,现代俄罗斯汉学大师B.M.阿列克谢耶夫对此提出过指导性意见。他的门生Б.A.瓦西里耶夫、Ю.К.舒茨基、Л.З.艾德林先后做了大量工作。尤其是艾德林的白诗俄译,是苏联时期出版最多的版本。但他的白居易绝句俄译除了不押韵,某些译文缺乏考证甚至误译,用词不当等缺点以外,最大问题是他遵循当年苏联的思想政治路线和文艺方针,用庸俗社会学和机械唯物论来解说复杂的文艺现象。2017年,俄罗斯科学院东方学研究所女汉学家H.A.奥尔洛娃出版《白居易:百绝句》一书,该书一方面按照现代翻译科学的要求,立足原始文本,联系中国古代历史文化背景和哲学宗教观念,推敲译文词句,纠正了前辈的一些错误;另一方面又适合俄国诗歌的主流传统,在译文的艺术性上大为提高。但奥尔洛娃译作也存在一些阐释过度、解说失当的白璧微瑕,需要中俄两国文学翻译家共同努力进一步提高。The Russian translation of Bai Juyi’s quatrains began at the beginning of the 20 th century,and the modern Russian Sinologist B.M.Aleksheyev put forward some guiding opinions.His students B.A.Vasiliev U.K.Schutzky and L.Z.Adelin have done a lot of research successively.In particular,the Russian translation of Bai’s poetry by Edrin was the most published version in the Soviet Union.However,his Russian translation of Bai Juyi’s quatrains has some shortcomings,such as non-rhyme,lack of textual research or even mistranslation,improper use of words and so on.The biggest problem is that he followed the ideological and political line and literary policy of the Soviet Union,and explained the complex literary phenomena with vulgar sociology and mechanical materialism.In 2017,H.A.Orlova,a female Sinologist at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences,published Bai Juyi:a hundred Quatrains.On one hand,according to the requirements of modern translation science,the book,based on the original text,combined with the historical and cultural background of ancient China and philosophical and religious concepts,refined the translation words and corrected some mistakes of her predecessors;on the other hand,it suits the mainstream tradition of Russian poetry and greatly improves the artistry of translation.However,there are some flaws in Orlova’s translation,such as over interpretation and improper interpretation,which need the joint efforts of Chinese and Russian literary translators to further improve.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 白居易 绝句 翻译 经验 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]