基于最优粒度的城市热环境与景观特征耦合分析  

Coupling analysis of urban thermal environment and landscape characteristics based on optimal granularity

作　　者：苏王新 张刘宽 常青 SU Wang-xin;ZHANG Liu-kuan;CHANG Qing(School of Horticulture,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学园艺学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2022年第2期954-961,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：北京市科技计划项目(D171100007117001)。

摘　　要：综合Landsat和国产高分2号遥感影像反演地表温度、划分地表覆被类型,通过划分100m×100m~1000m×1000m等多个网格单元,分析北京市五环内热环境影响因素的粒度效应;并基于最优粒度分析城市景观组分和构型特征与热环境特征的相互关系.结果表明:随粒度增加,网格单元内平均地表温度和不透水地表(IS)、植被水体(GWS)面积比的相关系数先减小后逐渐上升,相关系数在600m×600m处趋于平缓,说明北京市五环内热环境对景观的响应特征在此粒度下最敏感;基于最优粒度的1796个网格中,温度平均值(T_(m))与不透水地表面积比(0.723)、植被水体面积比(-0.715)显著相关,温度标准差(T_(s))与不透水地表面积比(-0.051)、水体面积比(0.054)显著相关;网格内主导景观类型占比达到一定程度后,其占比增加或减少会导致热环境迅速变化;基于IS和GWS景观格局与热环境的相关分析显示,T_(m)与不透水最大斑块指数(LPI_IS)(0.665)、植被水体结合度指数(COHENSION_GWS)(-0.547)相关性最显著,当网格内GWS占比大于40%时,植被水体斑块面积越大、空间连通性越高,越有利于改善热环境.We obtained land surface temperature and landscape components from Landsat and GF-2 within the inner Fifth Ring area in Beijing.The polygon grid approach has been applied for analyzing the relationship between urban landscape components and pattern characteristics and thermal environment characteristics.These various size polygon grids division was from 100m×100m to 1000m×1000m.With the increase of grid size,the correlation between IS/GWS and average LST first decreases and then gradually increases,trending to be flat at 600m.The optimal grid size range of IS and GS affected by LST was 600m×600m within the inner Fifth Ring area of Beijing.Among the 1796grids based on the optimal granularity,the mean temperature(T_(m))was significantly correlated with impervious(0.723)and vegetation&water(-0.715),the standard deviation of temperature(T_(s))was significantly correlated with impervious(-0.051)and water(0.054);when the proportion of vegetation was more than 55%,T_(m) decreased rapidly.When the proportion of dominant landscape types in the grid reaches a certain level,an increase or decrease in its proportion will cause rapid changes in the thermal environment.Based on the correlation analysis of vegetation&water,impervious landscape pattern,and thermal environment,T_(m) and LPI_IS(0.665),COHENSION_GWS(-0.547)were significantly correlated.When the proportion of GWS in the grid is more than 40%,the larger the vegetation water patch area and the higher the spatial connectivity,the more conducive to improving the thermal environment.

关 键 词：城市热岛 景观组分 景观格局 网格分析 热缓解 基于自然的解决方案 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]