基于外泌体的抗肿瘤药物靶向递送的研究进展  

Research progress of exosomes based targeted delivery of antitumor drugs

作　　者：邢昊楠 陆梅 刘瑛琪 董雨函 郑爱萍 XING Hao-nan;LU Mei;LIU Ying-qi;DONG Yu-han;ZHENG Ai-ping(Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology,Academy of Military Medicine,Beijing 100850,China;Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]军事医学研究院毒物药物研究所,北京100850 [2]北京理工大学前沿交叉科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《药学学报》2022年第1期150-158,I0005,共10页Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(82104105,32101157).

摘　　要：外泌体是生命体内细胞进行信息传递的重要方式之一,主要的生理病理过程均离不开外泌体的参与,包括细胞耐药、感染传播、肿瘤发展和心血管疾病等。外泌体的生物学职能使其天然具有免疫原性低、递送效率高、可跨过多种生物屏障和具有靶向性等特点,这些优点也促使人们尝试将其用作药物递送载体,以克服一些药物稳定性差、溶解度低、生物利用度不足和毒性较高的缺点。本文介绍了外泌体在抗肿瘤药物递送方面的最新研究进展,包括小分子化疗药物、生物大分子和核酸类药物的递送,还讨论了外泌体的提取、载药及改造方法,并对其应用前景进行了展望。Exosomes are one of the most important ways of cell-to-cell communication in living lives.They are involved in major physiological and pathological processes,including drug resistance,infection propagation,cancer development and cardiovascular diseases.The biological functions of exosomes made it possess characteristics of low immunogenicity,high delivery efficiency,ability to cross multiple biological barriers and targeting capacity,which also encourage people to try to use it as a drug carrier to overcome the disadvantages of poor stability,low solubility,low bioavailability and high toxicity of some drugs.In this paper,the latest progress of exosomes in the delivery of antitumor drugs,including small chemotherapeutic drugs,biological macromolecules and nucleic acid drugs,is reviewed.In addition,the isolation,drug loading,and modification method and the application prospect of exosomes are also discussed.

关 键 词：肿瘤 外泌体 药物递送系统 抗肿瘤药物 基因工程 

分 类 号：R943[医药卫生—药剂学]