基于地月自由返回轨道的DRO入轨策略  

Design Considerations for Access in to Earth-Moon DROs With Lunar Free-return Trajectory

作　　者：王艾雪 张晨[1] 王蜀泉[1] 张皓 WANG Aixue;ZHANG Chen;WANG Shuquan;ZHANG Hao(Key Laboratory of Space Utilization,Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization,Beijing 100094,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院太空应用重点实验室,中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心,北京100094 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《载人航天》2022年第1期81-89,共9页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(018YFB1900605);中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-KT-2019-1-0102);载人航天领域预先研究项目(030501)。

摘　　要：大幅值逆行轨道(DRO)是地月空间中的一类周期轨道,这类轨道具有长期稳定、入轨能量低的特点,可作为未来载人月球以及载人火星任务的中转站。面向载人任务的DRO入轨问题应重点考虑任务安全性,并综合考虑飞行时间和脉冲消耗。基于地月自由返回轨道设计了两脉冲直接转移和四脉冲月球借力转移轨道。首先在圆型限制性三体模型下计算了4类自由返回轨道的解族,其次采用地心顺行月心逆行自由返回轨道,获得直接入轨和月球借力2种方式进入不同周期DRO所需的飞行时间和脉冲消耗。仿真表明:对于共振比2:1的DRO轨道,直接入轨方式所需的速度脉冲约为607 m/s,飞行时间约为6.17 d,飞行器在DRO入轨脉冲失效的情况下也可无动力返回地球。四脉冲月球借力方式所需的速度脉冲约为241 m/s,飞行时间约为14.53 d。Distant Retrograde Orbit(DRO) near the Moon is a kind of periodic orbit in the cislunar space. It has been identified as a transit station for manned Lunar or Mars missions in the future. The focus of trajectory transfer for manned missions should be on the mission safety, the flight time and the transfer cost. In this paper, the DRO transfer optimization was studied and the lunar free return trajectories were used. First, four families of free-return trajectories were calculated in the Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem. Then, the flight time and transfer cost of direct transfers and lunar gravity assisted transfers were obtained by combining the circumlunar free returns. It was concluded that for DRO with 2:1 resonance ratio and for two impulses direct transfer, the manned vehicle could return to the Earth even if the propulsion failure happened, while the insertion maneuver cost was 607 m/s and the transfer time was 6.17 days. For four-burn lunar gravity assisted transfer, the total impulse of satellite was about 241 m/s and the flight time was 14.53 days.

关 键 词：三体问题 地月空间 DRO 自由返回轨道 轨道优化 

分 类 号：V412.41[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]