2020年北京市朝阳区4935名儿童青少年近视眼流行状况调查  

Survey on prevalence of myopia among 4935 children and adolescents,Chaoyang district,Beijing city,2020

作　　者：郭向晖[1] 柳静[1] 赵进[1] GUO Xiang-hui;LIU Jing;ZHAO Jin(Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,100021,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心,北京100021

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2021年第8期616-618,共3页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的了解北京市朝阳区儿童青少年的视力和屈光状况,为近视防控提供依据。方法 2020年10~11月采取分层整群抽样的方法,随机抽取北京市朝阳区4 935名儿童青少年进行远视力检查、屈光检查,分析视力不良检出率、近视检出率和戴镜率。结果幼儿园大班、小学低年级、小学高年级、初中和高中学生近视检出率分别为15.22%(49/322)、20.88%(213/1 020)、58.01%(612/1 055)、79.41%(810/1 020)和89.82%(918/1 022),随学段升高呈现逐步升高趋势,差异有统计学意义(P <0.01);幼儿园大班、小学低年级的近视检出率均明显高于视力不良检出率(P <0.05);视力不良儿童青少年中,重度视力不良占53.57%(1 741/3 250);近视和重度视力不良的戴镜率分别为62.31%(1 848/2 966)和83.97%(1 462/1 741)。结论北京市朝阳区儿童青少年近视检出率处于平均水平。Objective To understand the vision and refractive status of children and adolescents in Chaoyang district,Beijing city,so as to provide evidence for myopia prevention and control. Methods A total of 4 935 children and adolescents in Chaoyang district,Beijing city were selected by stratified cluster sampling from October to November 2020.They were examined for distant vision and refractive index,and the detection rates of poor vision,myopia and wearing glasses were analyzed. Results The myopia rate of students from kindergartens,primary grades group,high grades group,junior schools senior schools and vocational high schools were 15.22%(49/322),20.88%(213/1 020),58.01%(612/1 055),79.41%(810/1 020)and 89.82%(918/1 022)respectively.It was gradually increasing with the increase of grades(P <0.01).From those aged 6 years old in kindergartens to primary school students,the rate of poor vision were much higher than myopia(P <0.05).Among the children with poor vision,the proportion of the children with severe poor vision were53.57%(1 741/3 250),but the proportion of the children with myopia and severe poor vision who wore glasses were62.31%(1 848/2 966)and 83.97%(1 462/1 741)respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of myopia among children and adolescents in Chaoyang district,Beijing city is at an average level.

关 键 词：视力 近视 儿童 青少年 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]