世界抗寒葡萄育种成果及应用概述  

Summary of Breeding Achievements and Application of Cold-Resistant Grape Breeding in the World

作　　者：亓桂梅 赵艳侠 昝林生[3] 吴新颖 杨桂兰 QI Guimei;ZHAO Yanxia;ZAN Linsheng;WU Xinying;YANG Guilan(Shandong Academy of Grape/Key Laboratory of East China Urban Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Ji'nan 250100;Institute of Leisure Agriculture,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ji'nan 250100;Dezhou University,Dezhou 253001,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省葡萄研究院/农业农村部华东都市农业重点实验室,济南250100 [2]山东省农业科学院休闲农业研究所,济南250100 [3]德州学院,山东德州253001

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2022年第1期108-111,141,共5页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省农业科学院科技创新工程(CXGC2018F04);山东省农业良种工程(2020LZGC008)。

摘　　要：世界上进行抗寒葡萄育种的国家主要有中国、俄罗斯和美国,本文就3个国家的主要育种机构、育出的品种及在生产上的推广利用情况进行总结。中国农业科学院特产研究所和中国科学院植物研究所利用丰富的山葡萄种质资源育出了‘双优’‘双红’‘北冰红’‘北玫’‘北红’等十余个优质品种,在生产上的推广面积接近1.7万公顷,占我国酿酒葡萄面积的18%左右。俄罗斯开展抗寒葡萄育种的研究机构曾经有近十家,推出几十个品种,但种植面积并不大。美国康奈尔大学和明尼苏达大学推出了一系列鲜食、酿酒、制汁等用途的抗寒品种,最重要的冰酒品种是‘威代尔’,已在加拿大和中国进行较大面积推广。In the world,breeding of cold-resistant grape is mainly carried out in China,Russia and the United Statesof America.This paper summarized the main breeding institutions,varieties produced in the three countries and thesituation of promotion and utilization in production.Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of CAAS and In-stitute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences have bred more than ten high-quality grape varieties such as"Sh-uangyou","Shuanghong","Beibinghong","Beimei"and"Beihong"by using the rich Vitis amurensis Rupr.germ-plasm resources.All plant area was closed to 17000 ha,accounting for about 18%of wine grape area in China.There were nearly 10 research institutions in Russia to carry out cold-resistant grape breeding,and dozens of variet-ies were bred,but the planting area was not large.Cornell University and the University of Minnesota are two impor-tant cold-resistant grapevine breeding institutions in the United States.They have also launched a series of varietiesfor apply to table,wine,juice making."Vidal"is the most important ice wine variety,which has been widely pro-moted in Canada and China.

关 键 词：山葡萄 美洲葡萄 抗寒葡萄 育种 推广应用 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] G252.8[农业科学—园艺学]