英语特殊句法的词汇化溯源:以非前置形容词为例  

Lexicalization of English Special Syntax:Taking Non-premodifier Adjectives as an Example

作　　者：刘佩澜 罗思明[1] Liu Peilan;Luo Siming(General Administration Office,College of Science and Technology,Ningbo University,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315300,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学科学技术学院办公室,浙江宁波315300

出　　处：《湖北工程学院学报》2022年第1期45-49,共5页Journal of Hubei Engineering University

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目(19BYY106)。

摘　　要：英语非前置形容词缺乏典型形容词的句法功能,其原因尚未获得理想阐释。本文基于词汇化理论,聚焦该类形容词音系、形态、语义和句法词汇化,以期探究其句法的词汇化解析。英语非前置形容词来自“介宾短语”,音系词汇化使其介词的词首元音经语音弱化变成schwa音,介词辅音消失,同时保留宾语音系结构和名词重音;介词短语形态经跨层词汇化渐变为形容词形态;语义词汇化使其语义更加抽象;句法词汇化使其部分句法功能滞留,如后置定语,同时拓展表语功能,丧失状语功能。介词短语向非前置形容词演变是语言经济原则和交际有效性竞争互动的产物;本文同时揭示了词汇化的阶段性、渐进性和非同步性,拟构了非前置形容词词汇化模型,为词汇-句法接口研究提供了综合性词汇化新视角。English non-premodifier adjectives lack the syntactic function of typical adjectives,and the reason has not been ideally explored.Based on the theory of lexicalization,this paper focuses on the lexicalization of phonology,morphology,semantics and syntax of these adjectives in order to explore the lexicalization motivations of syntax.English non-premodifier adjectives come from preposition phrases.Phonological lexicalization weakens the first vowel of prepositions into schwa/?/,and the prepositional diphthongs disappear while inheriting the phonological structure and single stress of object.The cross-layer lexicalization changes prepositional phrases into adjectives in morphology.Semantic lexicalization makes its meanings more abstract.In syntactic lexicalization,the resulted adjectives inherit some syntactic functions of prepositional phrases,such as postpositive attributive,expand the function as predicative and lose the function as adverbial.The lexicalization from prepositional phrases to non-premodifier adjectives is motivated by the competition and interaction between language economic principles and communicative effectiveness.In addition,this paper reveals the phases,gradualness and non-parallel of lexicalization and constructs a lexicalization model of non-prepositional adjective,which may provide a new comprehensive perspective for the study of lexicon-syntax interface.

关 键 词：英语 特殊句法 非前置形容词 介词短语 词汇化 

分 类 号：H313[语言文字—英语]