论审辩冲突中法官的中立性困境  

On Judge’s Neutrality Dilemma in the Conflict of Trial and Defense

作　　者：王景龙 陈育龙 Wang Jinglong;Chen Yulong(School of Law,Xi’an University of Finance and Economics,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]西安财经大学法学院,陕西西安710100

出　　处：《湖北工程学院学报》2022年第1期102-110,共9页Journal of Hubei Engineering University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(19XFX005)。

摘　　要：审辩冲突是相对于审辩交易的另一种审辩关系的异化模式,与后者的隐蔽性、妥协性相比,审辩冲突呈现出直接与对抗的特点。在当前有关审辩冲突的论述中,几乎都提及到法官中立性缺失的问题。但是,鲜有人认识到,法官中立性缺失背后隐藏的是中立性困境,这种困境让法官难以自拔。审辩冲突中法官中立性困境是内因与外因共同作用的结果。内因包括:案卷笔录中心主义、轻视辩方心态、法官心态越位;外因包括:考核压力、政策导向、舆论干预。应当重视辩护律师的作用、强调法检互相制约、重申审判独立。将法官中立性困境这一问题限定在审辩冲突现象范围之内讨论,也比以往从宏观上研究法官中立性问题更加直观与集中。最终要通过理念突破、制度改革从法官的角度缓解,甚至消除审辩冲突。The trial and defense conflict is another alienation mode of the trial and defense relationship relative to the trial and defense transaction.Compared with the latter’s concealment and compromise,the trial and defense conflict presents the characteristics of direct and confrontation.In the current discussion on the conflict of trial and defense,almost all researches touch upon the problem of the lack of neutrality of judges.However,few people realize that behind the lack of neutrality of judges lies the dilemma of neutrality,which makes it difficult for judges to extricate themselves.The dilemma of the neutrality of the judge in the trial conflict is the result of the combined effect of internal and external factors.Internal factors include case file transcript centralism,underestimation of the defense mentality,and judge mentality offside.External factors include assessment pressure,policy orientation,and public opinion intervention.It is a must to attach importance to the role of defense lawyers,emphasize mutual restraint between law and prosecution,and reiterate the independence of trials.Limiting the issue of the neutrality dilemma of judges within the scope of the phenomenon of trial and defense conflicts is also more intuitive and focused than the previous macroscopic research on the neutrality of judges.Ultimately,through conceptual breakthroughs and system reforms,it will be alleviated from the judge’s point of view,and even the conflicts of trial and defense must be eliminated.

关 键 词：审辩冲突 法官中立性 控审分离 诉讼构造 

分 类 号：DF73[政治法律—诉讼法学]