母体应激影响胎儿发育的胎盘机制研究进展  

Placental mechanisms underlying the effects of maternal stress on the fetal development

作　　者：华天桢 高灵通 张治宇 赵厚铭 高路 HUA Tian-Zhen;GAO Ling-Tong;ZHANG Zhi-Yu;ZHAO Hou-Ming;GAO Lu(Department of Physiology,College of Basic Medical Sciences,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China;Department of Health Management,Changzheng Hospital,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200003,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embtyo Original Diseases,Shanghai 200030,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics,Shanghai 200000,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学基础医学院生理学教研室,上海200433 [2]海军军医大学长征医院健康管理中心,上海200003 [3]上海市胚胎源性疾病重点实验室,上海200030 [4]上海市辅助生殖和生殖遗传重点实验室,上海200000

出　　处：《生理学报》2021年第6期991-998,共8页Acta Physiologica Sinica

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(No.2019YFC1005203);National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81771608&82120108011);Major Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission’s Scientific Research and Innovation Plan(No.2021-01-07-00-07-E00144);Outstanding Academic Leaders Program of Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission(No.18XD1405100);“Shuguang Program”supported by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(No.17SG36);the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning。

摘　　要：胎盘是维系母体与胎儿的唯一纽带,是母体维持正常妊娠进程和胎儿正常发育的基础。母体应激是多种因素导致的母体生理、心理变化,主要特征是升高的糖皮质激素影响下丘脑-垂体-靶腺轴,引发体内激素的分泌变化,并调节应激相关基因的表达,改变胎盘的重量、代谢、营养转运等,进而对胎儿发育造成影响。本文首先简介母体应激的表征及其对子代的影响,进而阐述应激状态下机体的相应变化,最后阐明研究已证实的母体应激影响胎儿发育的胎盘机制,并提出尚未得到深入研究的重要问题。研究母体应激对胎儿发育的影响及具体作用机制可为多种应激相关妊娠疾病的治疗提供理论基础。Placenta is the only link between the pregnant woman and fetus,and the basis for maintaining the normal pregnancy process and fetal development.Maternal stress is the maternal physiological and psychological changes caused by various factors,characterized by the increased level of glucocorticoid,which affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-target gland axis and regulates the expression of target genes.Maternal stress also changes the weight,metabolism and nutrient transportation of the placenta,which will substantially influence the development of fetus.This paper will firstly summarize the characteristics of maternal stress and its influence on offspring.Then,the changes in the body under maternal stress will be described.Finally,we will clarify the proven mechanisms underlying maternal stress and raise some important problems that have not been clarified in this area.The study of maternal stress on fetus and its underlying mechanisms will serve as theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of the stressrelated pregnant diseases and disorders.

关 键 词：母体应激 胎盘 胎儿发育 糖皮质激素 下丘脑-垂体-靶腺轴 

分 类 号：R339.2[医药卫生—人体生理学] R335[医药卫生—基础医学]