牛蛙替代蟾蜍在生理教学实验中的应用研究  

Study on the Application of Bullfrog Instead of Toad in Physiology Teaching Experiment

作　　者：徐彩云[1] 李天舒[1] 李晓慧 于慧美[1] 郭新荣[2] 张大维[1] 崔佳润 XU Caiyun;LI Tianshu;LI Xiaohui;YU Huimei;Guo Xinrong;ZHANG Dawei;CUI Jiarun(College of Basic Medical Sciences,Jilin University,Chuangchun 130021,China;The Second Hospital of Jilin University,Changchun 130000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学基础医学院,长春130021 [2]吉林大学第二医院,长春130000

出　　处：《实验动物科学》2021年第6期53-58,共6页Laboratory Animal Science

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20200703010ZP,2019100801TC,20210506019ZP);吉林大学本科教学改革研究项目(2019XYB270)。

摘　　要：目的比较牛蛙替代蟾蜍在生理学教学的实验效果,以探索这种实验动物替代的可行性。方法对牛蛙和蟾蜍分别进行蛙心灌流实验和坐骨神经-腓肠肌刺激收缩实验。结果蛙心灌流实验中,牛蛙和蟾蜍离体心脏活动在Na;、Ca;、K;、重酒石酸去甲肾上腺素(NA)、氯化乙酰胆碱(Ach)、乳酸(LA)及碳酸氢钠(NaHCO;)作用的影响,变化整体趋势一致;坐骨神经-腓肠肌相关实验中,肌肉收缩最小时的刺激强度是0.1 V;0.15 V左右的刺激强度可使肌肉收缩幅度达到最大值且保持不变;伴随着刺激逐渐增强,骨骼肌由开始的单收缩,转变为不完全强直收缩,最后变为强直收缩。受到刺激后,牛蛙与蟾蜍神经干动作电位传导速度分别16.6 m/s和13.16 m/s。牛蛙与蟾蜍在上述实验中,结果均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论采用牛蛙替代蟾蜍开展生理学教学实验是切实可行的。Objective This study explored the feasibility of using bullfrogs to replace toads in physiology teaching experiments by comparing the experimental effects between bullfrogs and toads in physiology teaching experiments.Method Bullfrogs and toads were separately used to carry out frog heart perfusion experiment,sciatic nervegastrocnemius muscle stimulation and contraction experiment. Result The frog heart perfusion experiment showed that the bullfrogs and toads under the action of Na;,Ca;,K;,norepinephrine,acetylcholine,lactic acid and sodium bicarbonate had the similiar effect on the activity of the isolated heart. In the sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius stimulating contraction experiment,the stimulation intensity was 0. 1 V caused minimal muscle contraction. Under the stimulation of around 0. 15 V,the muscle contraction amplitude reached maximum and remained urchanged. As the stimulation frequency increased,the skeletal muscles performed single contraction,incomplete tonic contraction and ionic contraction. After stimulated,the action potential conduction velocity of the nerve trunk about bulfrogs and toods is 16. 6 m/s and 13. 16 m/s respectively. There was no essential difference about experimetal results between the bullfrog group and the toad group( P>0. 05). Conclusion It is feasible solution that bullfrogs instead of toads to carry out physiology teaching experiments.

关 键 词：牛蛙 蟾蜍 生理学实验 

分 类 号：Q95-33[生物学—动物学]