一株堆肥高效解磷菌的筛选、鉴定及其溶磷特性  

Isolation,Identification and Its Phosphate-solubilizing Capacity of Phosphate-solubilizing Bacterial Strain from Compost

作　　者：詹亚斌 张磊 丁晓艳[2] 马恬恬 魏雨泉 李季 ZHAN Ya-bin;ZHANG Lei;DING Xiao-yan;MA Tian-tian;WEI Yu-quan;LI Ji(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;Organic Recycling Research Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Suzhou 215100, China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]中国农业大学有机循环研究院(苏州),苏州215100

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2022年第3期960-966,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0800606-1,2016YFD0800601)。

摘　　要：磷是植物必需的营养元素之一,但大多数耕地土壤中磷素易与Ca^(2+)、Fe^(3+)、Fe^(2+)、Al^(3+)等结合成无效态磷,植物难以直接吸收利用。解磷微生物可活化难溶性磷,将其接种于堆肥,有助于提高堆肥产品磷素植物可利用程度。从鸡粪好氧堆肥中筛选获得高效解磷细菌,为生物强化富磷堆肥的制备提供菌种。利用NBRIY培养基初筛获得解磷菌,利用蒙金娜(PVK)培养基复筛获得高效解磷菌株,对其进行16S rDNA分子生物学鉴定,并研究不同碳源、氮源、初始pH、难溶性磷种类、难溶性磷添加量、可溶性磷浓度对菌株溶磷能力的影响。初筛获得7株解磷细菌,分别命名为PSB1~PSB7;复筛后,PSB6的溶磷量最大(126.37 mg/L);其余菌株的溶磷量在50.12~109.56 mg/L。PSB6经16S rDNA初步鉴定为Bacillus sp.(MW513386)。PSB6最适碳源为葡萄糖,最适N源为硫酸铵,最适生长初始pH为7.0,不同难溶性磷中,PSB6对磷酸三钙溶解效果最好,溶磷量为126.37 mg/L。当磷酸三钙添加量为2.5 g/L时,具有最大溶磷量170.5 mg/L。当培养液初始可溶性磷浓度为1 mmol/L,PSB6的溶磷量达到200.2 mg/L;培养液初始可溶性磷浓度超过10 mmo l/L时,菌株不发挥解磷效果。解磷菌PSB6对磷酸三钙具有良好的溶磷能力,可应用于生物强化富磷堆肥的制备。Phosphorus is one of the essential nutrients for plants,but in most cultivated soil,phosphorus is easy to combine with Ca^(2+),Fe^(3+),Fe^(2+) and Al^(3+) to form invalid phosphorus,respectively,which is difficult for plants to directly absorb and utilize.Inoculating phosphate solubilizing bacteria(PSB)into compost can promote the conversion of insoluble phosphate to available phosphate,which is a good way to improve the utilization of phosphate.High efficient PSB were screened from chicken manure aerobic compost to provide strains for the preparation of bioaugmented phosphorus rich compost.National Botanical Research Institute′s phosphate growth(NBRIY)medium was used to screen PSB,and Pikovskaya′s(PVK)medium was used to screen efficient PSB,which was identified by 16S rDNA Molecular biology.The effects of different carbon sources,nitrogen sources,initial pH,insoluble phosphorus species,insoluble phosphorus addition and soluble phosphorus concentration on the phosphate solubilizing ability of the bacteria were studied.Seven phosphate solubilizing bacteria named PSB1~PSB7 were obtained.After re-screening,PSB6 had the largest amount of dissolved phosphorus,which was 126.37 mg/L.The amount of dissolved phosphorus in other treatments ranged from 50.12 to 109.56 mg/L.PSB6 was identified as Bacillus sp.(MW513386).Under the optimum conditions of glucose as C source,ammonium sulfate as N source and initial pH of 7.0,the phosphate content of PSB6 was 126.37 mg/L.The most suitable insoluble phosphate for PSB6 is tricalcium phosphate.When tricalcium phosphate is 2.5 g/L,the maximum soluble phosphate content is 170.5 mg/L.When the concentration of initial soluble phosphate in the culture medium was 1 mmol/L,PSB6 with a higher amount of soluble phosphate(200.2 mg/L);when the concentration of initial soluble phosphate exceeded 10 mmol/L,the strain did not play the role of phosphate solubilization.PSB6 has good ability of dissolving phosphate of tricalcium phosphate,and can be used in the preparation of phosphate solubilizi

关 键 词：解磷细菌 难溶性磷 溶磷能力 富磷堆肥 

分 类 号：Q939.96[生物学—微生物学]