飞机草提取物的急性毒性与细胞毒性研究  

Study on the Acute Toxicity and Cytotoxicity of Extracts of Eupatorium Odoratum

作　　者：杨航 程少文[2] 黄凌[2] Yang Hang;Cheng Shaowen;Huang Ling(The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University,Guangzhou 510000;Hainan Medical University,Haikou 570100,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学附属第一医院,广东广州510000 [2]海南医学院,海南海口570100

出　　处：《广东化工》2022年第4期41-47,78,共8页Guangdong Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(81403006)。

摘　　要：目的:通过比较飞机草叶、茎、全草3个部位12种提取物对小鼠的急性毒性及对细胞的毒性作用,进行飞机草毒理学观察与评价。方法:采用半数致死剂量法(LD_(50))与最大给药量法,对小鼠进行灌胃给药,连续7d观察记录各组小鼠的急性毒性症状,实验结束后检测小鼠的血液学改变,并处死小鼠,对肝、肺、肾进行HE染色,观察病理组织学改变;通过CCK-8试剂检测飞机草各部位提取组分对Vero细胞的生长抑制作用。结果:飞机草叶甲醇提取物、叶乙醇提取物、叶丙酮提取物、叶水提取物、茎甲醇提取物、茎乙醇提取物、茎水提取物、全草甲醇提取物、全草乙醇提取物、全草水提取物的最大耐受剂量(MTD)值分别为35.2 g/kg、48.4 g/kg、25.44 g/kg、73.2 g/kg、34.8 g/kg、41.2 g/kg、58.8 g/kg、32.4 g/kg、44 g/kg、64 g/kg;飞机草茎丙酮的LD_(50)为25.29 g/kg,95%的可信限为(22.54~28.38),飞机草全草丙酮的LD_(50)为23.96 g/kg,95%的可信限为(21.35-26.88)。飞机草的12种提取物可造成小鼠的飞机草叶、茎、全草各提取组分对细胞增殖均有不同程度的抑制作用。结论:根据我国急性毒性剂量分级标准,飞机草各部位提取组分对小鼠实际无毒,但大剂量给药后,可造成小鼠的血液学变化及肝、肺、肾的病理损伤。此外,飞机草叶水提取物、茎水提取物、全草水提取物对细胞毒性最小。Objective:Through evaluating the acute toxicity and cytotoxic effect of different components extracted from the leaves,stems and whole grass of Eupatorium odoratum on mice,so as to provide the basis for safe drug use and reference for clinical drug research dose.Methods:Through the lethal dose method(LD_(50)) and the maximum dose method with intragastrical administration,The acute toxic symptoms of mice in each group were observed and recorded for 7 days.The hematological changes of mice were detected after the experiment.At the same time,the mice were dissected and visually observed important organ changes,and the pathological changes of liver,lung and kidney were observed by HE staining.The cytotoxicity of each extract to Vero cells by adding CCK-8 reagent was detected.Results:The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of the methanol extract of the leaves,the ethanol extract of the leaves,the acetone extract of the leaves,the water extract of the leaves,the methanol extract of stem,the ethanol extract of stem,the water extract of stem,the methanol extract of aerial part,the ethanol extract of aerial part and the water extract of aerial part could be measured,and the MTD values of which are 35.2 g/kg,48.4 g/kg,25.44 g/kg,73.2 g/kg,34.8 g/kg,41.2g/kg,58.8 g/kg,32.4 g/kg,44 g/kg,64 g/kg.The LD_(50) of the acetone extract of the stem of the experimental group was 25.29 g/kg,and 95%confidence interval was(22.54~28.38) the LD_(50) of the acetone extract of the aerial part was 23.96 g/kg,and 95%confidence interval was (21.35~26.88).The extracts from leaves,stems and aerial part of Eupatorium odoratum all inhibited cell proliferation in varying degrees.Conclusion:according to the standard of acute toxicity dose classification in China,the components extracted from different parts of Eupatorium odoratum are actually non-toxic to mice,but after large dose administration,it can cause hematological changes and pathological damage of liver,lung and kidney in mice.In addition,water extracts from leaves,stems and aerial part had the l

关 键 词：飞机草 急性毒性 细胞毒性 最大耐受剂量 半数致死剂量 

分 类 号：R9[医药卫生—药学]