7种常见餐具清洁材料中亚硝酸盐含量分析  

Analysis of the nitrite content in seven common tableware cleaning materials

作　　者：罗新月 雍莉[1,2] 赵璇 任琳[2] 吾·巴图巴彦 岳春林 杨蔚青 邹晓莉[1] LUO Xin-yue;YONG Li;ZHAO Xuan;REN Lin;WU Ba-tu-ba-yan;YUE Chun-lin;YANG Wei-qing;ZOU Xiao-li(Department of Laboratory Technology and Science of Public Health,West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China;Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院卫生检验与检疫系,成都610041 [2]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2022年第2期272-277,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(项目编号:2017YFC1600200);四川大学创新创业计划资助(项目编号:C2018101697)。

摘　　要：目的探索市面上不同餐具清洁材料及其使用不同时间后亚硝酸盐的含量,以初步评价餐具清洁材料的亚硝酸盐污染情况。方法通过线上购买7种生活中常见的餐具清洁材料,剪碎至2~3 mm,水超声提取10 min,0.22μm微孔滤膜过滤,滤液采用分光光度法测定其中的亚硝酸盐含量。同时将各餐具清洁材料用水浸泡30 min后,拧干,待其自然晾干,放置1、3和5 d后,测定其中的亚硝酸盐含量。结果 7种餐具清洁材料中均测定出一定含量的亚硝酸盐,其中,6号样品白色纳米泡沫中亚硝酸盐含量较高,其测得值在9.20~25.2 mg/kg范围内;7号样品色母片测得值在3.25~45.0 mg/kg范围内;其他餐具清洁材料的亚硝酸盐含量均小于2.00 mg/kg。每种样品在使用不同时间后其亚硝酸盐测定值有一定的变化规律,1号、2号、4号、6号和7号样品持续小幅度升高,3号样品变化极小,5号样品保存1 d后亚硝酸盐升高了约2倍。结论餐具清洁材料中泡沫材质清洁材料的亚硝酸盐含量最多,部分超过了腌渍蔬菜的卫生限量,若清洁不彻底,会带来一定的健康风险;色母片中亚硝酸盐含量亦较高,不能滥用于食物制作中;使用后随着保存时间延长,一些餐具清洁材料中亚硝酸盐含量会升高,提示要及时更换和彻底清洗后使用,更换频次有待进一步实验考证。Objective To detect the nitrite content of different tableware cleaning materials on the market after using for different time, and to evaluate their nitrite pollution. Methods Seven kinds of common tableware cleaning materials were purchased online,cut to 2-3 mm,extracted in water with ultrasonic wave for 10 minutes and filtered by 0.22 μm microporous membrane. The nitrite content in the filtrate was determined by spectrophotometry. At the same time, the tableware cleaning materials were soaked in water for 30 minutes,wrung out and dried by airing. After 1,3 and 5 days, the nitrite content was determined, respectively. Results A certain amount of nitrite was detected in all seven tableware cleaning materials. The nitrite content of white nanofoam(sample No. 6) was higher,with a measured value in the range of 9.20-25.2 mg/kg. The value of fabric color absorber(sample No. 7) was in the range of 3.25-45.0 mg/kg. And the nitrite contents of other tableware cleaning materials were less than 2.00 mg/kg. The change had a certain rule of the nitrite content in each sample after using for different time. The nitrite contents of sample No.1, 2, 4, 6 and 7 increased continuously and slightly. There was a very small change in sample No. 3. And the nitrite content of sample No. 5 was increased about 2 times after preservation for one day. Conclusions The content of nitrite in the foam cleaning materials was the highest,which exceeded the hygienic limit of pickled vegetables. It would bring some health risks if the cleaning was incomplete. The nitrite content of the fabric color absorber was also high, so it cannot be abused in food production. The nitrite content in some tableware cleaning materials would increase with the extension of storage time after use, which suggests the materials should be replaced in time and the tableware should be cleaned thoroughly before use. The frequency of replacement needs further experimental verification.

关 键 词：餐具清洁材料 亚硝酸盐 分光光度法 

分 类 号：R155.6[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]