编码意识对注意促进效应的影响——基于R/K范式的研究  

The Influence of Encode Intentionality on Attentional Boost Effect——A Research Based on R/K Paradigm

作　　者：黄思捷 孟迎芳 Huang Sijie;Meng Yingfang(School of Psychology,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,350117)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学心理学院,福州350117

出　　处：《心理科学》2021年第6期1305-1312,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31800906)的资助。

摘　　要：注意促进效应指学习阶段采用目标探测性质的二级任务,不仅不会降低同时呈现的背景信息的编码加工,反而会促进其记忆。为进一步探究对背景信息的编码意识是否会影响该效应,本研究设置了有意与无意两种编码条件,并引入"记得/知道"判断进一步将再认区分为回想和熟悉性。结果表明,无意编码下也会产生ABE,但不同的编码条件下,目标探测所促进的背景信息的编码加工存在差异。有意编码条件下,目标探测促进更多是对背景信息的精细加工,而无意编码条件下,目标探测促进更多是对背景信息的知觉加工。Attentional boost effect refers to the phenomenon that when the secondary task of target detection is used in study phase,the subsequent memory of the study item will not be weakened,instead the memory advantage accompanying the target item will be produced(Swallow&Jiang,2010).Studies have confirmed that ABE is relatively stable under various conditions,no matter what the experimental material is words or pictures,regardless it is implicit memory or explicit memory test.Most of the previous studies on ABE used the recognition test,which consisted of two components:recollection and familiarity.Information is processed differently under different encode intentionality conditions:the processing of information under intentional encode condition is more elaborative,while incidental encode depends more on the perceptual processing of information.Although previous studies have found that ABE can also be produced in subsequent recognition tests under incidental encode condition,which component of recognition memory is promoted by target detection was not discussed.The purpose of this study is to explore whether target detection has different effect on recollection and familiarity in recognition memory under different encode intentionality conditions.This study has two conditions of encode intentionality:intentional encode and incidental encode.In the study phase,participants were told to encode a series of words while simultaneously monitoring the color of a circle above the word.They were instructed to press the spacebar when a red circle(target)appeared and withhold a response when a green circle(distractor)appeared.Under the intentional encode condition,the participants were instructed to perform the target detection task while memorizing the words presented on the screen;while under the incidental encode condition,the participants were instructed to only perform the target detection task and ignore the words presented on the screen.In the later recognition test,the target words and distractor words were mixed with ne

关 键 词：注意促进效应 编码意识 R/K范式 回想 熟悉性 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]