不同品种蓝莓果实品质特征和抗氧化能力及多酚组成的比较  

Evaluation of quality characteristics,antioxidant ability and polyphenol composition of different blueberry cultivars

作　　者：熊颖 禹霖[1] 柏文富[1] 李建挥[1] 严佳文 聂东伶[1] 吴思政[1] XIONG Ying;YU Lin;BAI Wenfu;LI Jianhui;YAN Jiawen;NIE Dongling;WU Sizheng(Hunan Forest Botanical Garden,Changsha 410116,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省森林植物园,湖南长沙410116

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2022年第2期119-128,共10页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：湖南省林业科技创新项目(XLK202106-2);中央财政推广项目(〔2020〕XT009);湖南省林业科技项目(XLC201803)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同蓝莓品种果实的品质特征、抗氧化物质含量、抗氧化能力以及多酚组成的区别,为蓝莓产品开发和生物活性物质的高效利用提供科学参考。【方法】以‘灿烂’‘乡铃’‘园蓝’‘昂丝萝’‘顶峰’5个适宜湖南种植的兔眼蓝莓品种果实为材料,采用直接测量法对5个品种蓝莓的品质特征(单果质量、含水量、硬度、总酸、可溶固形物、固酸比)进行测定,采用分光光度法测定果实的抗氧化物质含量(总酚、总黄酮、总花色苷)和抗氧化能力(DPPH自由基清除能力、ABTS自由基清除能力),采用HPLC对果实中多酚组成进行分析。【结果】5个蓝莓品种的果实品质特征、抗氧化物质含量、抗氧化能力和多酚组成均有显著性差异。‘灿烂’和‘园蓝’果实较大,单果质量分别为1.72±0.07和1.14±0.08 g,固酸比较高,分别为6.33±0.37和5.09±0.10,3种抗氧化物质含量明显低于其他3个品种,它们的DPPH和ABTS自由基清除率分别为38.80±1.87%和40.51±0.38%以及40.11±1.02%和40.93±0.96%,抗氧化能力明显较弱,因此适合鲜食。‘乡铃’和‘昂丝萝’固酸比分别为4.49±0.45和4.80±0.11,含水量较低,分别为81.74±0.16%和82.40±0.24%,3种抗氧化物质含量分别为4.12±0.06 mg GAE/g、0.61±0.03 mg RE/g和1.09±0.03 mg/g以及3.73±0.14 mg GAE/g、0.97±0.02 mg RE/g和0.92±0.02 mg/g,抗氧化物质含量和抗氧化能力在5个品种中均为中等,因此既适合鲜食也适合果干类食品加工。‘顶峰’固酸比适中但含水量高达83.20±0.15%,果实中3种抗氧化物质含量较高,分别为4.63±0.13 mg GAE/g、0.72±0.02 mg RE/g和1.15±0.11 mg/g,DPPH和ABTS自由基清除率分别为50.39±0.37%和50.99±1.29%,抗氧化能力明显强于另外4个品种,因此‘顶峰’适合果汁类功能食品加工。HPLC结果表明蓝莓果实中至少含有12种多酚,其中绿原酸和表儿茶素是含量最高的2种多酚,含量分别在45.77%�【Objective】The quality characteristics,antioxidants content,antioxidant capacity and polyphenols composition of different blueberry varieties were evaluated in this study to provide a reference for the development of blueberry products and the efficient utilization of the biologically active substances in blueberries.【Method】Five rabbiteye series of blueberry cultivars,which were suitable for planting in Hunan were used as materials(‘Brightwell’,‘Homebell’,‘Gardenblue’,‘Onslow’and‘Climax’).The quality characteristics(single fruit mass,water content,firmness,total acid,total sugar and TS/TA ratio)were measured directly.The contents of antioxidant compounds(total phenols,total flavonoids,total anthocyanins)and antioxidant capacity(DPPH radical scavenging rate,ABTS radical scavenging rate)were determined by spectrophotometry.The composition of polyphenols of the five cultivars were analyzed by HPLC.【Result】Different blueberry cultivars showed great differences in the quality characteristics,antioxidants content,antioxidant capacity and polyphenols composition.‘Brightwell’and‘Gardenblue’were big berries,and the single fruit mass were 1.72±0.07 g and 1.14±0.08 g,respectively.The TSS/TA of‘Brightwell’and‘Gardenblue’were 6.33±0.37 and 5.09±0.10,respectively.The contents of three antioxidant compounds were significantly lower than those of the other 3 cultivars,the scavenging rates of DPPH and ABTS free radicals were 38.80±1.87%and 40.51±0.38%,and 40.11±1.02%and 40.93±0.96%,respectively.The antioxidant capacity was weaker than those of the other 3 cultivars,so they were more suitable for fresh marketing.The TSS/TA of‘Homebell’and‘Onslow’were 4.49±0.45 and 4.80±0.11,respectively.The water contents of‘Homebell’and‘Onslow’were comparably low,81.74±0.16%and 82.40±0.24%,respectively.The contents of three antioxidant compounds of‘Homebell’and‘Onslow’were 4.12±0.06 mg GAE/g,0.61±0.03 mg RE/g,1.09±0.03 mg/g and 3.73±0.14 mg GAE/g,0.97±0.02 m

关 键 词：蓝莓 品种 品质特征 抗氧化能力 多酚组成 

分 类 号：S727.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S663.9[农业科学—林学]