风化花岗岩地层隧道塌方预防措施研究  

Research on Preventive Measures for Tunnel Collapse in Weathered Granite Stratum

作　　者：胡强 杨春平[1] HU Qiang;YANG Chunping(Guizhou Provincial Traffic Planning Survey Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550081, China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司,贵阳550081

出　　处：《交通科技》2022年第1期92-96,共5页Transportation Science & Technology

基　　金：贵州省交通运输厅科技项目(2018-141-025)资助。

摘　　要：针对某项目隧道在风化花岗岩地层施工过程中遇到的掌子面频繁塌方的问题,在采取补充勘探、现场调研及事故数据统计分析等工作的基础上,对塌方频发的内在原因进行深入分析,通过现场实践总结出相对全面的塌方事故预防措施,主要结论如下:差异风化的花岗岩致使隧道围岩具有强突变性,加之不均匀分布的地下水对围岩稳定性的不利作用,是导致塌方事故频发的根本原因;现场超前支护施工效果欠佳是诱发隧道塌方的直接原因;通过加强超前地质预报、超前排水作业可显著减小隧道施工的风险及难度;根据围岩情况适当加强超前支护及衬砌支护参数,并加强开挖工法的过渡管控,是预防塌方事故的有效的措施。Aiming at the problem of frequent collapse of tunnel face during the construction of weathered granite stratum in a project,on the basis of a series of work such as supplementary exploration,field investigation and accident data statistical analysis,the internal causes of frequent collapse were analyzed in depth,and then a set of relatively comprehensive collapse accident prevention measures were summarized through field practice.The main conclusions were as follows:the differential weathered granite caused strong mutation of tunnel surrounding rock,and the adverse effect of uneven distribution of groundwater on surrounding rock stability was the root cause of frequent collapse accidents.The poor construction effect of on-site advanced support was the direct cause of tunnel collapse.The risk and difficulty of tunnel construction can be significantly reduced by strengthening advanced geological prediction and advanced drainage operation.It is an effective measure to prevent collapse accidents by appropriately strengthening the parameters of advanced support and lining support according to the surrounding rock conditions,and enhancing the transition control of excavation method.

关 键 词：隧道工程 风化花岗岩 塌方 预防措施 超前支护 

分 类 号：U458.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]