社区老年人群咀嚼能力与轻度认知障碍的关系研究  

Relationship between masticatory ability and mild cognitive impairment of elderly in community

作　　者：吴晓华[1] 邱勋定[2] 刘凯[1] 高照[1] 张堃 卢少泉[1] 胡安全 王春苗[1] WU Xiao-hua;LIU Kai;GAO Zhao;ZHANG Kun;LU Shao-quan;HU An-quan;WANG Chun-miao;QIU Xun-ding(Center of Geriatrics,Hainan General Hospital,Haikou 570311,China;Center of Stomatology,Hainan General Hospital,Haikou 570311,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省人民医院老年医学中心,海南省海口市570311 [2]海南省人民医院口腔医学中心,海南省海口市570311

出　　处：《实用老年医学》2022年第2期150-153,共4页Practical Geriatrics

基　　金：2020年海南省卫生健康行业科研项目(20A200502)。

摘　　要：目的调查社区老年人群轻度认知障碍(MCI)的患病率及MCI与咀嚼能力的关系。方法在海口市210个城乡社区中共抽取2950例年龄≥60岁的老年人参与横断面研究。由接受过培训的护士进行面对面访谈,收集参与者社会人口学特征,评估其日常生活活动能力(ADL)、营养状况及咀嚼能力。采用MoCA和MMSE量表对研究对象认知水平进行评估。结果2950例参与者的中位年龄为81.5岁(70~102岁),67.8%为女性。MCI有590例(20%)。MCI组年龄、女性占比较非MCI组高(P<0.001),ADL、营养状态、咀嚼能力较非MCI组差(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄和咀嚼能力是社区老年人群MCI的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论社区老年人群MCI的患病率约为20%,咀嚼能力差与MCI有关。Objective To investigate the prevalence of mild depressive disorder(MCI)and to analyze the relationship between MCI and masticatory ability in the community elderly.Methods A total of 2950 elderly people aged 60 years old and over were selected from 210 urban and rural communities in Haikou City to participate in the cross-sectional study.The masticatory ability of all cases was assessed by discolored gum based on chewing effect.Cognitive impairment was assessed by Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)and mini-mental state examination(MMSE).Socio-demographic characteristics,activities of daily living(ADL)and mini-nutritional assessment(MNA)were also analyzed.Results The median age of the subjects was 81.5 years old(70-102 years old),of which 67.8%were women,and 590(20%)presented with MCI.The age and the proportion of women in cases with MCI were higher,and the levels of ADL,masticatory ability and nutritional status were lower than those without MCI(P<0.001).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age and masticatory ability were independent influencing factors of MCI in the community elderly(P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence rate of MCI in community elderly is about 20%,and the poor masticatory ability is related to MCI.

关 键 词：社区老年人 咀嚼能力 轻度认知障碍 患病率 

分 类 号：R749.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]