清代中叶山陕商人在甘肃的经营活动--以碑刻资料为中心的考察  

Business Activities of Shanshan and Shaanxi Merchants in Gansu during the Mid-Qing Dynasty:Based on Inscriptions

作　　者：许檀 Xu Tan

机构地区：[1]兰州大学历史文化学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《中国经济史研究》2022年第1期5-17,共13页Researches in Chinese Economic History

摘　　要：本文利用商人会馆碑刻等资料,对清代中叶甘肃山陕商人的来源及其经营活动进行了较详细的考察。考察显示:甘肃的晋商多来自晋中和晋南,主要分布于平阳、汾州等府和解州直隶州;陕商则主要来自西安、同州二府。山陕商人在甘肃经营的商货主要有绸缎、布匹、茶叶、皮毛、杂货等,甘肃输入商品以绸缎、棉布、茶叶等为大宗,输出则为水烟、药材、皮毛制品等。乾隆年间汇聚兰州的山陕商号已有四五百家,武威更达六七百家,秦州和张掖则少得多。凉州府城武威是连通中原与甘肃西部乃至新疆的重要转运枢纽,其商业规模和腹地范围可能均超过省城兰州。This paper made a detailed investigation on the origin and business activities of Shanxi and Shaanxi merchants in Gansu during the mid-Qing Dynasty by using the inscriptions in merchant guild hall and so on.The investigation showed that most Shanxi merchants in Gansu came from Central Shanxi and Southern Shanxi, mainly distributed in Pingyang, Fenzhou and Haizhou.Shaanxi merchants mainly came from Xi’an and Tongzhou.The commodities operated by Shanxi and Shaanxi merchants in Gansu mainly included silk, cloth, tea, fur, groceries, etc.The bulk of Gansu’s imported commodities were silk, cotton cloth and tea, while the output was hookah, medicinal materials, fur products, etc.During the Qianlong period, there were 400-500 Shanshan and Shaanxi firms in Lanzhou, 600-700 in Wuwei, and much fewer in Qinzhou and Zhangye.Wuwei, as the prefectural city of Liangzhou, was an important transportation hub connecting the Central Plains with western Gansu and even Xinjiang.Its commercial scale and hinterland may exceed the provincial capital Lanzhou.

关 键 词：山陕商人 碑刻 兰州 武威 捐款 

分 类 号：F279.29[经济管理—企业管理] K877.42[经济管理—国民经济] K249[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]