基于1/3倍频程与传递函数方法的地铁轨道振动规律实验对比研究  

Comparative Experimental Study on Vibration Law of Metro Track Based on 1/3 Octave Frequency and Transfer Function Method

作　　者：尹华拓 袁宇 曾志平[3] 黄旭东 吴志鹏 YIN Huatuo;YUAN Yu;ZENG Zhiping;HUANG Xudong;WU Zhipeng(Guangzhou Metro Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510010,China;School of Information Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]广州地铁设计研究院股份有限公司,广州510010 [2]南昌大学信息工程学院,南昌330031 [3]中南大学土木工程学院,长沙410075

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2022年第1期193-199,共7页Noise and Vibration Control

摘　　要：为了完善现有地铁轨道振动测试评价体系的不足之处,从而更全面地研究地铁轨道的振动传递特性。首先利用加速度传感器,以某地铁线路的减振道床和普通整体道床轨道为研究对象进行振动测试,然后采用“1/3倍频程分析”对两者的钢轨、道床、隧道壁分频振级进行对比分析,最后采用“传递函数分析”方法对振动在钢轨、道床、隧道壁的传递过程进行了研究。研究表明:由于不同轨道结构的基础约束存在差异,减振道床的钢轨与道床的振动响应略大于普通整体道床,而隧道壁竖向的振动响应显著低于普通整体轨道,因此减振道床的减振效果主要体现于对列车垂向振动能量的耗散。“1/3倍频程分析”以及“传递函数分析”两者方法侧重点不同,两种方法互为补充,对于地铁轨道减振效果的分析与评估均具有十分重要的意义。通过引入“传递函数分析”对地铁轨道振动特性进行研究分析,可以更加全面地评估减振道床的减振效果。The purpose of this research is to improve current test and evaluation systems of subway track vibration so as to study the vibration transmission characteristics of the subway tracks more comprehensively.First of all,impact test were carried out on the vibration damping track bed and the ordinary monolithic track bed of a subway line.Then,the“1/3 octave analysis”was used to compare and analyze the frequency division vibration levels of the rails,track beds,and tunnel walls of both track structures.Finally,the“transfer function analysis”was used to study the transmission process of vibration in the rail,track bed,and tunnel wall.Research results show that:due to the differences of the base constraints of different track structures,the vibration response of the rail and the track bed of the vibration damping track bed is slightly greater than that of the ordinary monolithic track bed,while the vertical vibration response of the tunnel wall is significantly lower than that of the ordinary monolithic track.This phenomenon implies that the damping effect of the damping track bed is mainly reflected in the dissipation of the vertical vibration energy of the train.The methods of“1/3 octave analysis”and“transfer function analysis”have different focus.They complement each other and have great significance to the analysis and evaluation of the vibration reduction effect of subway tracks.By introducing“transfer function analysis”to study and analyze the vibration characteristics of subway tracks,the vibration reduction effect of the damping track bed can be evaluated more comprehensively.

关 键 词：振动与波 1/3倍频程 传递函数 振动传递 地铁 减振道床轨道 

分 类 号：TH7[机械工程—仪器科学与技术] U213[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]