反问句的语用性质及其语义语用条件  

On the Pragmatic Nature of Rhetorical Questions and Their Semantic Pragmatic Conditions

作　　者：刘彬 Liu Bin

机构地区：[1]中国澳门大学人文学院中国语言文学系,999078 [2]华中师范大学语言与语言教育研究中心,430079

出　　处：《汉语学报》2022年第1期49-58,共10页Chinese Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“汉语反问句语义的形成—识解机制研究”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文主要讨论反问句的语用性质及其成立的语义语用条件等相关问题。文章先说明了反问句的语义表达与怀疑心理之间的密切关系,指出"负面效应"是启动调用"疑善信恶"之类怀疑原则的动因,并且还指出反问句是一种意外表达句式。然后,文章在前人研究成果的基础上将反问句成立的语义语用条件概括为:"语境证据"和"言者信念"之间的冲突,即"事理冲突性"。本文的相关结论,既可以解释反问句的内部分类的差异,又可以统一说明反问触发语与反问句关联的理据。This paper mainly discusses the pragmatic nature of rhetorical questions and their semantic pragmatic conditions.The paper first explains the close relationship between the semantic expression of rhetorical questions and skepticism,pointing out that negative effect is the motivation for invoking suspicion principles such as"to disbelieve the good and to believe the bad",and that rhetorical questions are a kind of mirative expressions.Then,on the basis of previous research results,the paper summarizes the semantic and pragmatic conditions of rhetorical questions as the conflict between"contextual evidence"and"speaker’s belief".The relevant conclusions of this paper can explain the internal differences in rhetorical questions classification and the rationale of the correlation between rhetorical triggers and rhetorical questions.

关 键 词：反问句 负面效应 意外 语境证据 言者信念 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]