质性知识构造与量化知识分析综论:兼论学术对标法理论基础  

A Synthetic Probing into the Qualitative Knowledge Construction and Quantitative Knowledge Analytics:Concerning the Theoretical Foundations for Academic Benchmarking Method

作　　者：叶鹰[1] Fred Y.Ye

机构地区：[1]南京大学信息管理学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《中国图书馆学报》2022年第1期38-51,共14页Journal of Library Science in China

摘　　要：文章在简要综述知识基因、知识单元、知识表示和知识图谱的基础上,探讨知识的质性构造和量化分析基础,指出知识具有表型(外型)、构型(内型)和量型(量值)三型特征。用逻辑分析法从现象到本质揭示知识表型特征,包括语言文字型、公式符号型和图表图谱型;知识构型可用学科类别和特征概念标识;知识量型可基于数据或信息计算知识量。进一步提出用知识花图式和知识花程式展示质性知识构造与量化知识分析。由知识三型特征引出知识变换三假设以及学术评价"对标法";揭示质性知识构造适合解析静态知识特征,量化知识分析可延伸处理动态知识演化。质性知识构造与量化知识分析同时适用于剖析知识客体和知识主体,并独具学术评价应用价值。倡导通过知识分析创新图书情报学,同时也通过图书情报学促进知识之花盛开。Based on a brief review of knowledge genes and knowledge units,knowledge representation and knowledge graphs,this paper explores the qualitative structure of knowledge and the basis of quantitative analysis,and points out that knowledge has three characteristics,namely phenotype(exo-type),configuration(endo-type)and sum type(quantity value).This paper uses logical analysis to reveal knowledge phenotypes from phenomenon to essence,including language and text type,formula symbol type,and graph chart type.Knowledge configuration can be identified by subject category and feature concept,and knowledge value can be calculated by and based on data and information.It is proposed to use knowledge floral graph and knowledge floral formula as a comprehensive representation of qualitative knowledge structure and quantitative knowledge analysis,and it is suggested to adopt three hypotheses of knowledge transformation and academic evaluation“benchmarking method”from the three characteristics of knowledge to analyze static knowledge characteristics and process dynamic knowledge evolution.Qualitative knowledge construction and quantitative knowledge analytics are both suitable for analyzing knowledge objects and knowledge subjects,and possess unique academic evaluation application value.This paper advocates to innovate library and information science through knowledge analytics,and promote the blossom of knowledge flowers through library and information science.9 figs.1 tab.

关 键 词：知识构造 知识分析 知识基因 知识单元 知识表示 知识图谱 学术对标法 

分 类 号：G250.2[文化科学—图书馆学]