压力对实际气体热力学能影响的宏观及微观分析  

Macroscopic and Microscopic Analysis on the Influence of Pressure on the Internal Energy of Real Gas

作　　者：张克舫[1] 王照亮[1] 刘安源[1] 吴明铂[1] Zhang Kefang;Wang Zhaoliang;Liu Anyuan;Wu Mingbo(College of New Energy,China University of Petroleum,Qingdao,Shandong266580)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)新能源学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《物理通报》2022年第3期9-12,共4页Physics Bulletin

基　　金：教育部第二批新工科研究与实践项目,项目编号:E-NYDQHGC20202218;中国石油大学(华东)校级教学改革项目,项目编号:KC-202031。

摘　　要：热力学能和焓是工程技术中用途广泛的热力学状态参数,压力越高,实际气体的热力学能和焓值越小,这与我们一般的感性认识背道而驰.本文采用宏观实际气体状态方程求偏微分及热力学能统计定义微观的角度,推导分析了压力对实际气体热力学能的影响,从理论上证明了实际气体的热力学能随着压力的升高而减小这一规律.Internal energy and enthalpy are widely used as thermodynamic state parameter in engineering technology.However,the higher the pressure,the smaller the internal energy and enthalpy of the real gas is.In this paper,the influence of pressure on the internal energy of real gas is deduced and analyzed by solving the partial differential of macro real gas state equation,and the statistical definition of internal energy from the microscopic point.It is concluded that for real gases,the internal energy decrease with the increase of pressure.

关 键 词：实际气体 热力学能 状态方程 偏微分 统计定义 

分 类 号：O414.1[理学—理论物理]