基于多目标优化的氢燃料电池客车车身骨架轻量化设计  

Lightweight Design of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Bus Body Frame Based on Multi-objective Optimization

作　　者：胡涛 HU Tao(School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《内燃机与配件》2022年第5期17-20,共4页Internal Combustion Engine & Parts

摘　　要：以某公司生产的10m氢燃料电池客车为研究对象,建立氢燃料电池客车车身骨架的有限元模型,并完成了四种典型工况静力学分析和模态分析,得到了车身骨架的应力应变分布和模态频率。然后将全部骨架分组处理,以厚度为设计变量,进行了灵敏度分析,根据灵敏度分析的结果,筛选出对骨架性能响应不敏感,但是对质量响应比较敏感的部件,完成了以厚度为设计变量,以质量和扭转刚度为目标,一阶模态频率为约束条件的多目标优化设计。通过对比优化前后,得出了客车骨架质量有原来的1.936t减轻到1.823t,减轻了113kg.同时客车的各项特性也满足设计要求。Taking the 10m hydrogen fuel cell bus produced by a company as the research object and the finite element model of the body frame of the hydrogen fuel cell bus is established,the static analysis and modal analysis of four typical working conditions are completed and the stress-strain distribution and modal frequency of the body frame are obtained.Then,all the skeletons are grouped and the sensitivity analysis is carried out with the thickness as the design variable.According to the results of the sensitivity analysis,the components that are not sensitive to the performance response of the skeleton but are sensitive to the mass response are selected.The multi-objective optimization design is completed with the thickness as the design variable,the mass and torsional stiffness as the goal and the first-order modal frequency as the constraint condition.By comparing before and after optimization,it is concluded that the mass of bus frame is reduced from 1.936t to 1.823t,At the same time,the characteristics of the bus also meet the design requirements.

关 键 词：氢燃料电池客车 灵敏度分析 轻量化 多目标 

分 类 号：U463.822[机械工程—车辆工程]