转叶式舵机密封件在不同磨粒尺寸下的摩擦学特征研究  

Study on Tribological Characteristics of Rotary Vane Steering Gear Seals under Different Abrasive Particle Sizes

作　　者：向晶晶 董从林[1,2] 白秀琴 汤敏[2] XIANG Jingjing;DONG Conglin;BAI Xiuqin;TANG Min(School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan,430063;Reliability Engineering Institute,National Engineering Research Center for Water Transportation Safety,Wuhan,430063)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学交通与物流工程学院,武汉430063 [2]国家水运安全工程技术研究中心可靠性工程研究所,武汉430063

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2022年第4期397-405,共9页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：中国工程院咨询项目(2021-XZ-22);工业和信息化部高技术船舶科研项目(工信部装函[2019]358号)。

摘　　要：船舶转叶式舵机因体积小、功率密度高而逐渐替代传统的柱塞式舵机。然而,磨损过程中产生的磨粒常使叶片密封件产生异常磨损,引起密封失效,导致油压下降,造成转叶式舵机功能丧失。明晰叶片密封件与缸体内壁之间的摩擦磨损机理以及提取关键磨损特征是提高叶片密封件的磨损寿命和实现转叶式舵机智能故障诊断的关键。以常用于制作密封件的聚氨酯高分子材料为研究对象,研究其在不同磨损状态下的摩擦磨损行为,研究结果表明:随着液压油中铁屑磨粒粒径的增大,聚氨酯与碳钢球之间的摩擦因数、磨损体积、磨损形貌和振动等摩擦行为特征值逐渐增大,表明磨损状态逐渐恶劣。通过感知磨损过程中的摩擦学信息,包括摩擦因数、液压油中磨粒尺寸、磨损形貌、磨损体积、振动信号等特征,可为评估或预测转叶式舵机叶片密封件的磨损状态、故障形式提供有效途径。研究结果为揭示船舶转叶式舵机叶片密封件摩擦磨损机理提供了理论依据,为实现船舶转叶式舵机的智能状态监测和故障诊断提供了参考。The ship rotary vane steering gears gradually replaced traditional plunger steering gears due to the small size and high power density.However,the wear particles generated during the friction processes often caused abnormal wear of the seals of rotary vanes,which caused seal failure and drop hydraulic oil pressure,and resulted in losing of the function of rotary vane steering gears.Clarifying the friction and wear mechanism between the vane seals and the cylinder and extracting their key wear characteristics were the keys to extend the service life and to realize intelligent fault diagnosis of the rotary vane steering gears.The polyurethane materials which commonly used to make seals were chosen as the research object to study the wear behaviors under different wear conditions.The results show that the characteristic values of friction coefficient,wear volume,wear morphology and vibration signals between polyurethane polymer and carbon steel ball gradually increase with the increase of iron particles size under hydraulic oil-lubricated,which indicates that the wear state is gradually worsening.It may provide an effective way for evaluating or predicting the wear state or failure modes of rotary vane steering gear seals by sensing tribological information,including the friction coefficient,abrasive particles size in the hydraulic oil,wear morphology,wear volume,vibration signals and other characteristics.This study may provide a theoretical basis for revealing the friction and wear mechanism of ship rotary vane steering gear seals,and provide a reference for realizing their intelligent monitoring and fault diagnosis.

关 键 词：船舶转叶式舵机 磨粒尺寸 摩擦振动 磨损特征 

分 类 号：U664[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] TH117.1[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]