基于数学模型的向日葵穴盘苗生长动态特征分析  

Analysis on growth dynamic characteristics of sunflower plug seedlings based on mathematical models

作　　者：纪洪亭 赵韩伟 王勇[1] 曾燕楠[1] 程润东 王士红 王庆南[1] 赵荷娟 JI Hong-ting;ZHAO Han-wei;WANG Yong;ZENG Yan-nan;CHEN Run-dong;WANG Shi-hong;WANG Qing-nan;ZHAO He-juan(Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Hilly Area,Nanjing 210046,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏丘陵地区南京农业科学研究所,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2022年第1期135-142,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目[JATS(2020)013]。

摘　　要：旨在利用数学模型定量分析向日葵穴盘苗生长动态特征,明确向日葵穴盘苗生长动态变化规律,为制定合理的苗期管理措施提供理论依据。通过对向日葵穴盘苗生长指标进行连续观测,用Weibull模型和Logistic模型对幼苗生长指标与出苗后累积辐热积的关系进行拟合,进而定量分析生长指标动态特征。结果表明,Weibull模型和Logistic模型能较好地拟合向日葵穴盘苗生长指标随出苗后累计辐热积的动态变化,拟合方程的决定系数均达到0.990以上。利用模型的特征参数将向日葵穴盘苗生长过程分为3个时期:渐增期、快增期、缓增期,各生长指标在快增期的出现时间为出苗后4~5 d,对应累积辐热积为22.40~27.84 MJ/m^(2),缓增期出现的时间为出苗后6~11 d,对应的累积辐热积为30.38~46.54 MJ/m^(2)。快增期是幼苗生长的关键时期,尽管幼苗快增期持续时间短,但快增期幼苗生长速率较大,其生长量占总生长量比例达41%~68%(茎粗除外)。根据生长特征参数,提出了各个时期的关键育苗措施,确定了向日葵穴盘苗的适宜移栽期和各生长指标参考值。This study aims to quantitatively analyze the dynamic characteristics of growth indexes of sunflower plug seedlings by using mathematical models and to clarify the growth dynamic change regularity of sunflower plug seedlings to provide a theoretical basis for designing reasonable seedling management measures.The growth indexes of sunflower plug seedlings were observed continuously,the relationships between growth indexes and accumulated product of thermal effectiveness and photosynthetically active radiation(PAR)after emergence(TEP)were simulated by Weibull and Logistic equations,and the dynamic characteristics of growth indexes were analyzed quantitatively based on two equations.The results showed that the dynamic change of growth indexes of sunflower plug seedlings with TEP after emergence was well simulated by Weibull and Logistic equations,and the R^(2) values of two models were above 0.990.According to characteristic parameters of the Weibull and Logistic models,the growth process of sunflower plug seedlings was divided into three stages:the accelerating growth stage,the rapid growth stage and the slow growth stage.The growth indexes of rapid growth stage occurred in 4-5 days after emergence,and the corresponding TEP was 22.40-27.84 MJ/m^(2).The slow growth stage occurred in 6-11 days after emergence,and the corresponding TEP was 30.38-46.54 MJ/m^(2).The rapid growth stage was the key stage of seedling growth.Although the duration of rapid growth stage was relatively short,the growth rate during rapid growth stage was relatively high,and the proportion of the growth quantity to the total growth quantity during rapid growth stage was 41%-68%(except for the stem diameter).According to the growth characteristic parameters,key measures for seedling raising at different growth stages were put forward,and the suitable transplanting period and reference value of each growth index were determined.

关 键 词：向日葵 穴盘苗 模拟模型 生长动态分析 

分 类 号：S565.5[农业科学—作物学]