基于体外消化实验评估辣椒中常见金属元素的膳食健康风险  

Evaluation of dietary health risks of metals in peppers based on physiologically based extraction test

作　　者：姚杰 王泽兰 杨婷[1] 黄彤彤 王建莹 刘霞 林昌虎[1] 涂成龙 YAO Jie;WANG Zelan;YANG Ting;HUANG Tongtong;WANG Jianying;LIU Xia;Lin Changhu;TU Chenglong(School of Public Health,Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control,Ministry of Education,Guizhou Medical University,Guizhou,Guiyang 550025,China;Toxicity Testing Center,Guizhou Medical University,Guizhou,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州医科大学毒性检测中心,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2021年第12期1363-1369,共7页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960507);贵州省区域内一流学科建设项目(黔教科研发2017[85]号)。

摘　　要：[背景]有害金属对农产品的污染及产生的健康风险已成为社会关注的热点,辣椒作为我国主要的经济农产品,对其进行健康风险评价必不可少。[目的]通过探讨我国辣椒主产区域不同品种辣椒中常见金属元素的富集情况,基于金属的生物可给性评估其对不同特征人群的膳食健康风险。[方法]通过随机采样法,从市场上采购我国辣椒主产区的干辣椒样品,将采集样品按辣椒形态结构将辣椒品种分为小辣椒、大板椒、二荆条、子弹头和灯笼椒,共采集辣椒样品667份。检测其中常见6种金属元素[砷(As)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、镍(Ni)、铜(Cu)和锌(Zn)]含量,使用统计学方法进行差异性比较;采用体外胃肠模拟消化实验,计算辣椒中金属元素生物可给性并对其健康风险进行评估。[结果]辣椒中重金属Cd和Ni含量超过我国限值标准,超标率分别为6.1%和22.7%,其余金属含量处于安全范围;不同辣椒品种间As、Cd、Pb、Cu和Zn含量存在差异(P<0.05);辣椒中6种金属元素生物可给性依次为As(57.9%)>Cd(43.07%)>Zn(42.74%)>Pb(38.04%)>Ni(31.97%)>Cu(31.4%);基于生物可给性,采集辣椒中6种金属元素含量在P_(50)时,辣椒中金属的危险系数依次为Cu>Cd>As>Ni>Zn>Pb;在P_(90)时,危险系数依次为Cd>As>Cu>Ni>Zn>Pb;单一金属元素的危险系数及复合金属元素的总目标危险系数均小于1,且成人高于儿童。[结论]在所采集的辣椒样品中,单一金属元素及多种金属元素非致癌性健康风险均处于安全范围,基于胃肠阶段的生物可给性,健康风险进一步降低。[Background]The pollution of agricultural products and the health risks caused by metals have become a hot spot of social concern.As China's main economic agricultural products,peppers are essential for health risk assessment.[Objective]By exploring the enrichment of common metals in different varieties of peppers in major growing areas of China,a bioavailability-based approach is used to assess dietary health risks of common metals in groups with different characteristics.[Methods]Through random sampling method,dried pepper samples from major pepper growing areas of China were purchased from the market,and were divided into Hippophae,Capsicum annuum,Magnoliopsida,Capsicum frutescens var,and Capsicum by morphological taxonomy,and a total of 667 batches of peppers were collected.Six common metals arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),lead(Pb),nickel(Ni),copper(Cu),and zinc(Zn)were evaluated;physiologically based extraction test was designed to estimate the bioavailability of the metals in peppers and their associated dietary health risks were assessed.[Results]The concentrations of metals Cd and Ni in pepper exceeded the limits of China,and the disqualification rates were 6.1%and 22.7%respectively.The other metals were within the safe range;there were differences in the concentrations of As,Cd,Pb,Cu,and Zn among different pepper varieties(P<0.05).The order of bioavailability of the six metals in pepper from high to low was As(57.9%)>Cd(43.07%)>Zn(42.74%)>Pb(38.04%)>Ni(31.97%)>Cu(31.4%).Based on bioavailability,when the metal concentration in pepper was at the median level,the order of hazard quotient of metals in pepper was Cu>Cd>As>Ni>Zn>Pb,and at the 90th quantile level,the order was Cd>As>Cu>Ni>Zn>Pb;the hazard quotient of single metal element and the total target hazard quotient of combined metal elements were both less than 1,and these indicators of adults were higher than those of children.[Conclusion]In the collected pepper samples,the non-carcinogenic health risks of single metal elements and multiple metal elements are

关 键 词：辣椒 有害金属 体外消化实验 生物可给性 健康风险 

分 类 号：R155.33[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]