建构与调和:泰勒视域中语言与伦理关系新解  

Construction and Reconciliation: A New Interpretation of the Relationship between Language and Ethics from Taylor’s Perspective

作　　者：王琼[1] 张萍[2] Wang Qiong;Zhang Ping

机构地区：[1]东南大学哲学与科学系,南京210089 [2]苏州大学外国语学院,苏州215006

出　　处：《学海》2022年第1期205-216,共12页Academia Bimestris

摘　　要：伦理冲突是当代道德哲学需要解决的重要问题之一。查尔斯·泰勒基于语言本体论立场,重新思考语言与伦理的相互关系,提出化解伦理冲突的新方案。通过肃清对语言本质的错误理解,泰勒主张语言和伦理之间存在建构关系,并以此论证伦理冲突发生的根源在于语言,不同伦理理解在主体达成对世界的普遍认知之后,获得互相通约的可能性。由于单纯的建构关系并不足以应对多元伦理理解带来的挑战,泰勒的"调和论"进一步阐释语言带给人类的"灵活性"能够帮助我们克服动物性本能,转变自身去追求更高的善,从而达到调和伦理价值体系之间纷争的目的。Ethical conflicts are one of the first issues to be solved in contemporary moral philosophy. Taylor proposed new solutions to resolve ethical conflicts based on linguistic ontology, rethinking of the relationship between language and ethics. By eliminating the misunderstanding of the nature of language, Taylor advocates that there is a constructive relationship between language and ethics, and thus proves that the root of ethical conflicts lies in language. The possibility of different ethical understandings reaching commensuration will be realized in language after subjects come to a general understanding of the world. However, the mere constructive relations is not enough to meet the challenges raised by multi-ethical understandings. Taylor’s central idea "Harmony" further illustrates that language brings "Flexibility" to human beings which helps us overcome our animal instincts, transform ourselves to seek the higher good, and reconcile the conflicts between ethical value systems.

关 键 词：查尔斯·泰勒 语言本体论 伦理 伦理整体主义 

分 类 号：H0-05[语言文字—语言学]