基于改进ACO的WSN感知数据传输策略研究  

Research on Data Transmission Strategy of WSN Based on Improved ACO

作　　者：张雅琼[1] 张慧[1] 郑欢欢 ZHANG Ya-qiong;ZHANG Hui;ZHENG Huan-huan(School of Information Engineering,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]榆林学院信息工程学院,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《计算机技术与发展》2022年第2期114-118,136,共6页Computer Technology and Development

基　　金：榆林高新区科技局项目(CXY-2020-06);榆林市科技局产学研项目(2019-77-1);陕西省科技计划项目(2020NY-170)。

摘　　要：无线传感器网络(WSN)能够利用传感器节点快速准确地获取物理世界的信息从而作为物联网的感知层在监控领域得到了广泛的应用,而能量利用率是能量受限无线传感器网络的一个关键属性,直接影响网络的生命周期。经典的分层路由LEACH(及其变种)算法是无线传感器网络中最常见的节能路由协议。该文提出了一种改进的LEACH算法,由sink节点集中计算并选择剩余能量较高的节点作为簇头并根据距离计算最优簇边界进行分簇,将网络划分为多个簇,然后利用改进蚁群优化(ACO)算法实现簇头节点到sink节点的多跳通信。簇内节点将感知数据发送给簇头,再由簇头转发给sink节点,从而实现数据的簇内和簇间的二级传输策略。将该算法与LEACH进行了仿真比较,结果表明,改进后的无线传感器网络的感知数据传输策略在网络生命周期和吞吐量方面明显优于LEACH算法,在延长网络生命周期的同时提高了网络的数据传输量。Wireless sensor network(WSN) can quickly and accurately obtain the information of the physical world by sensor nodes, which has been widely used in the field of monitoring as the sensing layer of the Internet of things. Energy utilization is a key attribute of energy limited wireless sensor network, which directly affects the life cycle of the network. Classical hierarchical routing LEACH(and its variants) algorithm is the most common energy-saving routing protocol in wireless sensor networks. We propose an improved LEACH algorithm. The sink nodes compute and select the nodes with higher residual energy as the cluster head. The optimal cluster boundary is calculated by the sink node according to the distance to cluster heads. WSN is divided into many clusters. Then the improved ant colony optimization(ACO) is used to realize the multi hop communication from the cluster heads to the sink node. The nodes in the cluster send the sensing data to the cluster head, and then the cluster head forwards the sensing data to the sink node, so as to realize the two-level transmission strategy of data within and between clusters. The simulation results show that the improved sensing data transmission strategy is better than LEACH algorithm in terms of network life cycle and throughput, which can extend the network life cycle and increase the amount of data transmission.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 蚁群优化 路由策略 LEACH算法 分簇 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]