国内外避雷器用氧化锌电阻片的技术现状与发展趋势  

The Development Trends of Zinc Oxide Varistor Used in Surge Arrester Both in China and Abroad

作　　者：王兰义 任鑫[2] 黄海 姚政[2] WANG Lanyi;REN Xin;HUANG Hai;YAO Zheng(Aluma-Form,Inc.,Memphis,TN 38118,USA;Nano-Science and Technology Research Center,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Nanyang Jinniu Electric Co.,Ltd.,Tongbai 474750,China)

机构地区：[1]美国安富公司,美国田纳西州孟菲斯38118 [2]上海大学纳米科学与技术研究中心,上海200444 [3]南阳金牛电气有限公司,河南桐柏474750

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2021年第6期30-44,共15页Insulators and Surge Arresters

摘　　要：文章综述了中国和其他国家避雷器用氧化锌电阻片技术的现状与发展趋势。氧化锌电阻片是金属氧化物避雷器的核心部件,它的电性能决定了避雷器的电性能。电阻片的发展是随着避雷器的要求而发展的,随着避雷器向特高压、罐式小型化及特高压直流发展,电阻片向低成本、低残压、高能量、高梯度及交直流通用的方向发展。讨论了配方和工艺对电阻片电性能的影响,总结了提高电阻片电压梯度和通流容量、降低电阻片的残压和直流电阻片的研究方法。指出了提高电阻片生产的自动化程度和绿色制造的重要性,分析了避雷器标准的修订对电阻片电性能的影响,对今后高性能氧化锌电阻片的研发提出了建议。The current situation and development trends of zinc oxide varistor used in surge arrester both in China and abroad were reviewed in the paper. Zinc oxide varistor is the key part of metal oxide surge arrester;its electrical performance determines the electrical performance of arrester. The development of zinc oxide varistor was progressed with the requirements of surge arrester. With the application of surge arrester in ultra-high voltage(UHV) AC and DC transmission, tank type with small volume, the zinc oxide varistor were developed in the direction of low cost, low residual voltage, high energy withstand capacity and high voltage gradient and applied both in AC and DC systems. The effect of composition and process on electrical performance of varistor were discussed. The research methods to increase varistor’s energy withstand capacity and its voltage gradient, decrease its residual voltage and develop DC varistor were summarized. The importance of automation and green manufacturing in the production of zinc oxide varistor was pointed out. The influence of the revision of surge arrester standards on the electrical performance was analyzed. Some suggestion on development of high performance zinc oxide varistor in the future was put forward.

关 键 词：避雷器 氧化锌电阻片 高电压梯度 残压比 直流氧化锌电阻片 通流容量 

分 类 号：TM862[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]