滇黔桂少数民族中学生心理健康状况及其与疏离感的相关性  

Mental health and its relationship with alienation on minority middle school students in Yunnan,Guizhou and Guangxi region

作　　者：魏杰 杨通华 张庆林[3] 张劲梅[4] WEI Jie;YANG Tonghua;ZHANG Qingling(Guizhou University of Finance and Economics,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州财经大学公共管理学院,贵阳55025 [2]贵州警察学院实验中心 [3]西南大学教育部人文社科重点研究基地 [4]昆明理工大学管理与经济学院

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2022年第1期124-129,共6页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(编号:黔教合KY字[2018]287);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(编号:14JJD880009);贵州财经大学校级科研项目(编号:2017XZC02)。

摘　　要：目的:了解滇黔桂少数民族中学生心理健康状况,分析疏离感与心理健康的关系,为促进滇黔桂少数民族中学生心理健康发展提供参考。方法:抽取滇黔桂26所中学1945名少数民族中学生,采用修订的青少年疏离感量表、中学生心理健康量表进行测查。结果:少数民族中学生心理健康轻度、中度问题检出率为57.4%和9.4%,存在学段和省区间的统计学差异,高中少数民族学生的心理健康好于初中少数民族学生,且高中生比初中生表现出更少的偏执、敌对、人际敏感、心理不平衡、双语学习动力不足(t=3.27,4.59,6.12,3.47,3.99,4.40;P<0.05)。三省区间贵州少数民族中学生心理健康状况最差,广西次之,云南最好。不同性别和家庭社会经济地位的中学生总体心理健康水平无显著差异,但在分维度上有显著差异,其中家庭社会经济地位较低的中学生在双语学习适应压力、抑郁、强迫、焦虑、心理不平衡方面的心理健康风险最大。疏离感与少数民族中学生心理健康症状呈正相关(r=0.45,P<0.01);分层线性回归分析显示,自我疏离感(β=0.21,t=8.01)、亲人疏离感(β=0.16,t=6.11)和社会疏离感(β=0.25,t=8.38)对心理症状总水平具有显著的正向预测作用(P<0.05)。结论:滇黔桂少数民族中学生心理健康水平总体处于中等水平,三省存在省际差异、高中生比初中生心理更健康,性别和家庭经济社会地位对心理健康的分维度有显著影响,疏离感是影响其心理健康的重要因素。Objective:To explore mental health among ethnic minority middle school students, and to analyze the relationship between alienation and mental health, with the aim of providing reference for promoting the mental health development of minority middle school students in Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi.Methods:Participants were 1945 middle school students purposely selected in clusters from 26 middle schools in Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi.Participants completed the revised alienation scale and mental health inventroy of middle school students.Results:The detection rates of mild and moderate mental health problems in minority middle school students were 57.4% and 9.4%.There were statistical differences between different periods and provinces.High school minority students’ mental health was better than that of junior school minority students, and high school students showed less paranoia, hostility, interpersonal sensitivity, psychological imbalance and lack of motivation for bilingual learning than junior middle school students(t=3.27,4.59,6.12,3.47,3.99,4.40;P<0.05).Mental health of minority middle school students in three provinces was significantly different, Guizhou was the worst, Guangxi was the medium, and Yunnan was the best.There was no significant difference in the overall mental health level of middle school students with different gender and family socio-economic status, but there was significant difference in the sub dimension.The students with low family socioeconomic status were most likely to have mental health risks of bilingual learning pressure, depression, obsessive, anxiety and psychological imbalance.Alienation was positively correlated with mental health of minority middle school Students(r=0.45,P<0.01);Hierarchical linear regression analysis showed that self alienation(β=0.21,t=8.01,P<0.05),family alienation(β=0.16,t=6.11,P<0.05)and social alienation(β=0.25,t=8.38,P<0.05)had significant positive predictive effect on the total level of psychological symptoms.Conclusion:Mental health level of mi

关 键 词：疏离感 心理健康 回归分析 少数民族中学生 滇黔桂地区 

分 类 号：R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学]