个体创业、区域创业精神与主观社会阶层  

Individual Entrepreneurship,Regional Entrepreneurship and Subjective Social Class

作　　者：刘鹏程[1] 韩贵鑫 王小洁[3] Liu Pengcheng;Han Guixin;Wang Xiaojie(School of Economics,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266061,China;School of Management,Shandong University,Jinan 250103,China;School of Management,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学经济学院,266061 [2]山东大学管理学院,250103 [3]中国海洋大学管理学院,266100

出　　处：《南开经济研究》2021年第6期216-233,共18页Nankai Economic Studies

基　　金：国家自科基金青年项目“经济全球化对我国创业的影响——理论研究与实证分析(71603142)”;教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目“中国特色劳资合作路径研究——基于劳资关系演化视角(16YJC790115)”阶段性成果。

摘　　要：作为一种特殊的职业选择形式,创业既能提供就业岗位,又会促进社会纵向流动和公平正义,影响个体的主观社会阶层感知。本文利用CGSS微观调查数据,考察了微观个体创业及区域创业精神对个体主观社会阶层的影响程度及影响机制。结果发现个体创业显著提升了创业者的主观社会阶层,细分创业类型的研究表明,个体工商户创业和私营企业主创业对主观社会阶层均有显著正向影响。从区域层面看,区域创业精神对当地居民的主观社会阶层有着正向外溢效应。中间机制检验结果表明,收入/预期社会阶层是个体创业和区域创业精神影响主观社会阶层的正向中介,但区域个体工商户创业率对居民收入没有显著影响。基于上述研究结论,从重视创业对社会阶层的塑造作用、营造公允良序的创业环境以及提升个体工商户创业者的自我效能感和社会贡献度三个层面,提出了针对性政策建议。As a special form of career choice,entrepreneurship can not only provide jobs,but also promote social vertical mobility,fairness and justice,affecting individual perception of the subjective social class. Based on micro survey data from Chinese General Social Survey,this paper makes an analysis of the influence mechanism and depth of micro individual entrepreneurship and regional entrepreneurship on individual subjective social class.We find that individual entrepreneurship significantly improves the subjective social class of entrepreneurs,self-employment and private entrepreneurship both have significant positive impact on individual subjective social class. From the regional level,the level of regional entrepreneurship has a significant spillover effect on the subjective social class of local residents. The intermediate test results show Individual entrepreneurship and regional entrepreneurship can promote income and elevate social class,thus raising the subjective social class. However,the Entrepreneurial rate of individual businesses cannot improve incomes.Based on the conclusions of this study,the role of entrepreneurship in shaping social class needs attention. We also need to create a fair and orderly entrepreneurial environment and promote self-efficacy and social contribution of individual entrepreneurs.

关 键 词：创业 主观社会阶层 区域创业精神 

分 类 号：F279.2[经济管理—企业管理]