飞行器用永磁电机系统的功率密度与需求展望  

Analysis of power density and prospects of future technology requirement of permanent magnet motors used in aircrafts

作　　者：李勇[1] 吴佳鑫 马鹏程 李德洪[2] 胡建辉[1] 王骞[1] LI Yong;WU Jia-xin;MA Peng-cheng;LI De-hong;HU Jian-hui;WANG Qian(School of Electrical Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;The Helicopter Design Institute of China,Tianjin 300450,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学电气工程及自动化学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]中国直升机设计研究所,天津300450

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2022年第2期1-9,共9页Electric Machines and Control

摘　　要：针对飞行器电气化发展过程中遇到的功率密度瓶颈问题,总结了现阶段电机系统在飞行器中的应用现状以及未来飞行器发展的总体趋势,探讨了未来飞行器电气化发展对电机系统提出的主要需求。以现阶段最具应用前景的永磁电机系统为研究对象,全面概述了飞行器用永磁电机系统的三个主要应用领域和特定要求。基于46台高功率密度电机系统数据,分析了永磁电机功率密度与电机电磁结构、转速范围和功率等级的关系,得到了外转子永磁电机和轴向磁通永磁电机相对更适合电机功率密度提升的结论。结合当下永磁电机的实际应用现状以及飞行器总体发展的技术规划,进一步分析了飞行器电气化发展趋势及对电机系统所提出的新技术需求,并对分布式电推进技术的未来应用寄予了厚望。Aiming at the power density bottleneck problem encountered in the development of aircraft electrification, the application status of motor in aircraft at the present stage and the overall trends of aircrafts are summarized, and the main requirements for motor system are discussed. Permanent magnet motor system with wide application prospects was selected as main research object, three main application areas and special characteristics requirements in aircraft were summarized. Based on the data of 46 high power density motors, the relationship between power density and motor electromagnetic structure, speed range and power level was analyzed. It is concluded that external rotor permanent magnet motor and axial flux permanent magnet motor are relatively more suitable for motor power density improvement. Combined with the current practical application status of permanent magnet motor and the technical planning for the overall development of aircraft, the development trends of aircraft electrification and the new technical requirements for motor system were analyzed, and the application of distributed electric propulsion is highly expected in the future.

关 键 词：多电飞行器 永磁电机 高功率密度 分布式电推进 特殊航空需求 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]