77 K下碲镉汞APD探测器的高精度时间数字转换电路  

High precision time-to-digital conversion circuit for mercury cadmium telluride APD detector at 77 K

作　　者：章琪文 陈洪雷[1] 丁瑞军[1] ZHANG Qi-Wen;CHEN Hong-Lei;DING Rui-Jun(Key Laboratory of Infrared Imaging Materials and Detectors,Shanghai Institute of Technology Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200083,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所中国科学院红外成像材料与器件重点实验室,上海200083 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《红外与毫米波学报》2022年第1期362-369,共8页Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(62104240)。

摘　　要：碲镉汞雪崩光电二极管(HgCdTe APD)是目前红外焦平面技术前沿研究之一,低温下高精度时间标记读出电路是APD焦平面的基础,直接影响到APD红外焦平面性能。时间数字转换电路(TDC)是实现高精度时间标记的方法之一。基于对低温下金属-氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor,MOSFET)器件的分析,设计了一款游标型TDC电路,该方法利用同步计数器量化整数倍周期,实现粗计数6 bits的输出;通过片上锁相环倍频的高频时钟来量化不足一个时钟周期的部分,以实现精计数6 bits的输出。电路采用标准互补金属氧化物半导体(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,CMOS)工艺流片,工作在120 MHz的主频与77 K下测试得到,能够分辨最小精度为236.28 ps,其中微分非线性为-0.54~0.71 LSB,积分非线性为-1.32~1.21 LSB。HgCdTe avalanche photodiode(APD)is the frontier research on infrared focal plane technology.High-precision time stamp's readout circuit is the basis of the APD focal plane at 77 K,which directly affects APD infrared focal plane performance.Time-to-digital conversion circuit(TDC)is one of the methods to achieve high-precision time stamping.Based on the analysis of MOSFET device at low temperature,we design a vernier TDC circuit,which uses a synchronous counter to quantize an integer multiple of the periods to achieve a coarse count of 6 bits.We use the highfrequency clock multiplied by the on-chip phase-locked loop to quantify the part that is less than one clock cycle to achieve a fine-count of 6 bits output.The circuit adopts standard CMOS process tape out,and our circuit works at a master-frequency of 120 MHz.At 77 K,the circuit tests can distinguish the time resolution of 236.280 ps.The DNL is within-0.54~0.71 LSB,and the INL is within-1.32~1.21 LSB.

关 键 词：碲镉汞e-APD 时间数字转换电路 游标型延时线 非线性度 

分 类 号：TN29[电子电信—物理电子学]