向日葵盘低酯化果胶对重金属离子Pb^(2+)的吸附性能研究  

Study on the Absorption of Heavy Metal Ion Pb^(2+) by the Low Methoxy Pectin from Sunflower Heads

作　　者：彭晓夏 崔泾洁 逯晓青 张丽波 耿春春 弓强 杨李阳 窦志芳 PENG Xiaoxia;CUI Jingjie;LU Xiaoqing;ZHANG Libo;GENG Chunchun;GONG Qiang;YANG Liyang;DOU Zhifang(College of Basic Medical Sciences,Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Jinzhong 030619,China)

机构地区：[1]山西中医药大学基础医学院,山西晋中030619

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2022年第6期25-32,共8页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2019L0716);山西中医药大学博士科研启动基金项目(2016BK05);山西中医药大学科技创新能力培育计划“基础研究专项”项目(2020PY-JC(Y)-06)。

摘　　要：重金属污染由于缺乏有效的治理方法而对公众健康有严重威胁,为了开发吸附重金属离子的生物新材料,本文以向日葵盘为原料提取天然的低酯化果胶LAHP,并研究LAHP对水溶液中Pb^(2+)的吸附性能、优化LAHP吸附Pb^(2+)的条件。采用草酸溶液80 oC提取、乙醇沉淀的方法获得LAHP,产率为14.68%±0.76%。质量分析显示LAHP符合国家质量标准对食品添加剂果胶的要求,结构分析说明LAHP主要由半乳糖醛酸(GalA,86.34%)组成,甲酯化度为23.93%±1.57%,分子量为257 kDa,是天然的低酯化果胶。LAHP对Pb^(2+)的吸附能力受果胶用量、溶液pH、吸附温度和干扰离子等因素的影响,优化确定了LAHP吸附Pb^(2+)的最佳条件:果胶添加量为30 mg/L(Pb^(2+)浓度为11.0 mg/L)、溶液的pH=8.0、处理温度30℃。LAHP对Pb^(2+)的最大吸附量为44.57±2.50 mg/g,二价金属离子会在一定程度上影响LAHP对Pb^(2+)的吸附能力。因此,从向日葵盘中提取的低酯果胶是一种良好的天然重金属吸附剂,具有广阔的应用前景。Heavy metal pollution poses a serious threat to public health due to lacking of effective treatment methods.In order to develop new biological materials for adsorption of heavy metal ions,the natural low-methoxyl pectin(termed LAHP)was extracted from dried heads of sunflower in this study.The adsorption capacity of LAHP for Pb^(2+) in aqueous solution was studied and the conditions for the adsorptions were optimized.LAHP was extracted by oxalic acid solution at 80℃ and precipitated by ethanol with the yield of 14.68%±0.76%.The composition analysis showed that LAHP met the requirements of national quality standard for pectin as a food additive.The structure analysis showed that LAHP was natural low-methoxyl pectin,which was mainly composed of galacturonic acid(GalA,86.34%)with a low degree of methyl esterification(23.93%±1.57%)and high molecular weight(257 kDa).The adsorption capacity of Pb^(2+) by LAHP was affected by the amount of pectin,pH of solution,temperature and interference ions.The optimal conditions for the adsorption of Pb^(2+) were determined as follows:pectin dosage was 30 mg/L(concentration of Pb^(2+) was 11.0 mg/L),pH of solution was 8.0,and the temperature was 30℃.The maximum adsorption capacity of LAHP for Pb^(2+) was 44.57±2.50 mg/g,and would be reduced to some extent affected by divalent metal ions.Therefore,the low-methoxyl pectin from sunflower heads would be a kind of natural heavy metal adsorbent,which had a wide application prospect.

关 键 词：向日葵盘 低酯化果胶 重金属 铅 吸附作用 

分 类 号：Q539[生物学—生物化学]