城乡老年慢性病患者抑郁状况及影响因素分析  

Comparison of Depression Status and Influencing Factors in Elderly Patients with Chronic Diseases in Urban and Rural Areas

作　　者：陈晴 刘鲁蓉[1] CHEN Qing;LIU Lu-rong(School of Management,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu,Sichuan,611137,China)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学管理学院,四川成都611137

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2022年第2期111-115,共5页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：四川应用心理学研究中心基金资助(CSXL-212A11)。

摘　　要：目的:探究老年慢性病患者的抑郁现状及影响因素的城乡差异比较,为实施早期预防和干预措施提供理论依据。方法:选取2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据库中共4547名老年慢性病患者作为研究对象,采用简版流调中心抑郁量表(CESD-10)进行评分。结果:城乡老年慢性病患者抑郁状况的差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=78.119,P<0.05),其中农村组抑郁发生率为44.0%,城镇组为29.5%。回归分析显示,城乡老年慢性病患者抑郁共有的危险因素是女性、西部、睡眠时间较短、自评健康状况较差、躯体生活自理能力受损、工具性日常生活活动能力受损;城镇组特有的保护因素是受教育程度初中、高中及以上,城镇组特有的危险因素是共患3种及以上慢性病;农村组特有的保护因素是有配偶、家庭月生活支出1000~5000元,农村组特有的危险因素是共患2种慢性病。结论:农村老年慢性病患者与城镇相比,抑郁发生率更高,应重点关注高危群体的心理健康,开展有针对性的心理疏导工作,以改善其抑郁状况。OBJECTIVE To explore the urban-rural differences between the depression status and influencing factors of elderly patients with chronic diseases,and to provide a theoretical basis for the implementation of early prevention and intervention measures.METHODS A total of 4547 elderly patients with chronic diseases in the CHARLS database in 2018 were selected as the research objects,and the simplified version of the Central Depression Scale(CESD-10)was used for scoring.RESULTS The difference in depression among elderly patients with chronic diseases in urban and rural areas was statistically significant(χ^(2)=78.119,P<0.05).The incidence of depression was 44.0%in the rural group and 29.5%in the urban group.Regression analysis showed that the common risk factors for depression in elderly patients with chronic diseases in urban and rural areas were women,western regions,shorter sleep time,poor self-rated health,BADL impaired,and IADL impaired;the unique protective factors for the urban group were the education level of junior high school,for high school and above,the unique risk factor for the urban group was the coexistence of 3 or more chronic diseases;the unique protective factor for the rural group was having a spouse and family monthly living expenses of 1000 to 5000 yuan,and the unique risk factor for the rural group was the coexistence of 2 chronic diseases.CONCLUSION The incidence of depression in elderly patients with chronic diseases in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas.It should focus on the mental health of high-risk groups and carry out targeted psychological counseling to improve their depression.

关 键 词：老年慢性病患者 抑郁 城乡比较 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]