输血前Rh血型抗原与不规则抗体的检测  

Detection of Rh blood group antigen and irregular antibody before blood transfusion

作　　者：赵学礼 杜喆 ZHAO Xue-li;DU Zhe(Xuancheng People’s Hospital,Xuancheng 242000,Anhui)

机构地区：[1]宣城市人民医院输血科,安徽宣城242000

出　　处：《安徽医专学报》2022年第1期89-91,共3页Journal of Anhui Medical College

摘　　要：目的:通过对Rh血型抗原分布,以及不规则抗体鉴定结果的分析,探讨Rh血型抗原检测在输血前的意义。方法:回顾性分析某医院需要输血和备血的患者资料,共计3200例,采用微柱凝胶法对患者进行Rh(D)、Rh(E)、Rh(e)、Rh(C)、Rh(c)血型抗原检测,另分析该院2018年1月-2020年7月输血患者不规则抗体筛查阳性的资料,共计45例,采用抗人球蛋白法进行抗体鉴定。结果:3200例住院患者Rh血型抗原分布:Rh(D)为3186例(99.56%),Rh(E)为1478例(46.19%),Rh(e)为2976例(93.00%),Rh(C)为2880例(90.00%),Rh(c)为1766例(55.19%),45例不规则抗体鉴定结果为:Rh血型系统的有27例(60%),其中抗E有16例,抗c有2例,抗Ec有4例,抗e有1例,抗D有4例,MNSs系统抗M有8例,其他系统抗体10例。结论:输血前进行D抗原检测是确保输血的规范性,Rh(E)血型抗原阳性率较低,同型输注减少抗体的产生,为精准输血还需进行Rh(e)、Rh(C)、Rh(c)等抗原检测。Objective:By analyzing Rh blood group antigen distribution and irregular antibody identification results,the significance of Rh blood group antigen detection before blood transfusion is discussed.Methods:3200 patients with blood transfusion and blood preparation in hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Microcolumn gel method was used to detect Rh(D),Rh(E),Rh(e),Rh(C),Rh(c)blood group antigens for them.In addition,anti-human globulin method was used to identify positive irregular antibody screening in 45 patients who received blood in our hospital from January 2018 to July 2020.Results:The distribution of Rh antigens in 3200 inpatients were as follows:Rh(D)was 3186 cases(99.56%),Rh(E)was 1478 cases(46.19%),Rh(e)was 2976 cases(93.00%),Rh(C)was 2880 cases(90.00%),Rh(c)was 1766 cases(55.19%),And the result of 45 samples with irregular antibody identification were as follows:27(60%)cases were included in the Rh blood group system antibodies,containing 16 cases of anti-E,2 cases of anti-c,4 cases of anti-Ec,1 case of anti-e,and 4 cases of anti-D,8 cases of anti-M in MNSs system and 10 cases of other systems.Conclusion:D antigen detection before blood transfusion is conducted to ensure the standardization of blood transfusion.The positive rate of Rh(E)blood group antigen is low,and homotypic infusion can reduce the production of antibodies.For accurate blood transfusion,Rh(e),Rh(C),Rh(c)antigens should be detected.

关 键 词：RH血型抗原 不规则抗体 抗体鉴定 输血 

分 类 号：R222.18[医药卫生—中医基础理论]