“熊彼特-阿罗之争”对我国深化反垄断认识的启示——由当前平台经济反垄断引发的思考  

Enlightenment of“Schumpeter-Arrow Controversy”on Deepening the Understanding of Anti-monopoly in China

作　　者：刘志广[1] 史旭斌 LIU Zhiguang;SHI Xubin

机构地区：[1]中共上海市委党校,上海200233

出　　处：《上海市经济管理干部学院学报》2022年第2期26-33,共8页Journal of Shanghai Economic Management College

摘　　要：国内当前正在推进的平台经济反垄断举措引发了学界关于公平竞争秩序的新争论,争论的焦点是垄断更有利于创新还是竞争更有利于创新,这是我国今后高标准市场体系建设必须深入思考并予以正确应对的问题。我们可以发现,争辩中的各方主要观点都可以在经济学思想史“熊彼特-阿罗之争”中找到,但经辨析表明,“熊彼特-阿罗之争”并不成立,阿罗的讨论实际上也与我们所讨论的问题无关。“熊彼特悖论”即垄断既是创新的结果又被创新所推翻的观点,对于我们理解垄断与创新的关系非常重要。根据熊彼特的创新理论,我们需要将垄断看作是一种正常的市场结构,反垄断并不是一个恰当的概念,我们应该强调的是反不正当竞争和保护消费者权益,而这实际上也是当前平台经济反垄断的旨意。另外,我们还需要倡导企业和企业家的社会责任,以使“创造性毁灭”能够帮助社会解决问题或比以前更好地解决问题。The current anti-monopoly measures of platform economy in China have triggered a new debate on the order of fair competition in academic circles and public opinion.The focus of the debate is whether monopoly is more conducive to innovation or competition is more conducive to innovation.This is a problem that needs to be deeply considered and correctly dealt with in the future construction of high standard market system in China.We can find that the opinions of all parties in the debate can be found in the“Schumpeter-Arrow controversy”,but the analysis of this paper shows that the“Schumpeter-Arrow controversy”is not tenable,and the discussion of arrow has nothing to do with the issues we are discussing.This paper argues that the“Schumpeter’s Paradox”that monopoly is both the result of innovation and overthrown by innovation is very important for us to understand the relationship between monopoly and innovation.Therefore,according to Schumpeter’s innovation theory,we need to regard monopoly as a normal market structure,and anti-monopoly is not an appropriate concept.What we should highlight is opposing unfair competition and protection of consumers’rights and benefits,which is actually what the current platform economy anti-monopoly refers to.In addition,we also need to advocate the social responsibility of enterprises and entrepreneurs,so that“creative destruction”can help society solve problems or solve problems better than before.

关 键 词：“熊彼特-阿罗之争” “熊彼特悖论” 反垄断 创新 

分 类 号：F270.7[经济管理—企业管理]