2020年拉丁美洲政治地图:一种批判性透视  

The Political Map of Latin America in 2020 a Critical Perspective

作　　者：〔墨西哥〕卡洛斯·安东尼奥·阿吉雷·罗哈斯 刘豪(译) Carlos Antonio Aguirre Rojas;Liu Hao

机构地区：[1]墨西哥国立自治大学社会学研究所 [2]南开大学世界近现代史研究中心和拉美研究中心

出　　处：《世界近现代史研究》2022年第1期33-48,321,322,共18页Studies of Modern World History

摘　　要：当下拉美复杂政治地图的主要政治力量构成是怎样的?这些政治力量代表了哪些社会阶层或派别?通过研究可以发现,当下拉美的政治地图由三种核心力量构成。第一种力量为丧失廉耻且陈旧的右翼和极右派,它们与外国资本联合,公开推行具有镇压性和损害拉美各国本国利益的政策。第二种力量是被冠以“进步主义”之名,实则低能逊色的“左翼”,该力量与各国自身的民族资产阶级联合,推行完全有利于资本主义本身的社会民主和改良主义政策。最后,还有一种真正反对资本主义的激进左翼力量,该力量与拉丁美洲各国出现的纯粹的反体制运动结合在一起。基于上述分类,结论是,只有反资本主义激进左翼和与之联合的反体制运动才能有效解决当下拉丁美洲存在的最为尖锐和迫切的问题。What is the composition of the main political forces of the current complex political map of Latin America?Which are the relationships of these political forces with the social class structure and the class's conflict?It can be found clearly through research that this political map includes three main forces.The first one,is the right wing force,shameless and anachronic,allied with the foreign capital,and promoting an open repressive and antinationalist politic in general.The second one,is the center wing force,composed by a very limited and poor supposed“left wing”so called“progressist”,linked with her national middle class(bourgeoisie)implementing social democratic and reformist,but clearly procapitalist policies.And thirdly,a real radical left wing force,profoundly anticapitalistic,allied with the new antisystemic movements of Latin America.Based on this classification,the conclusion is that the only real solution to the more acute and urgent problems of Latin America could be found and constructed by this radical left wing and this new antisystemic movements allied with her.

关 键 词：拉丁美洲政治力量 反体制运动 政治左翼 “进步主义” 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]