“伯爵小姐是个中国人”——《第十二夜》与伊丽莎白时代的“中国追寻”  

“My lady’s a Cataian”: The Twelfth Night and Elizabeth I’s “Search for China”

作　　者：胡鹏[1] Hu Peng(Shakespeare Study Institute,Sichuan International University(Chongqing 400031,China))

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学莎士比亚研究所

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2022年第1期80-95,共16页Foreign Literature Studies

基　　金：四川外国语大学社科项目“莎士比亚作品植物书写研究”(sisu 202105)。

摘　　要：莎士比亚的作品中涉及到中国及中国人的地方屈指可数,但在其同时代,上至王公贵族,下至贩夫走卒,包括科学家、航海家、地理学家、戏剧家、诗人等等,都对拓展海外贸易、发现新大陆、开辟新航线有着极大兴趣,其中特别对与中国接触有着强烈的欲望。研究发现,莎士比亚的《第十二夜》与伊丽莎白时代英国对中国的渴求和构建密切相关,王室对华信件、英国贸易与外交、新航线开辟及新地图的绘制、塞西尔的乔迁宴上的表演等都证明了这一点,作为剧作家的莎士比亚受到了伊丽莎白一世"契丹/中国探险"的影响。There are only a handful references to China or Chinese people in Shakespeare’s works. However, the people in his era, from the monarchs at the top to the peddlers and porters at the bottom of the society, plus scientists, navigators, geographers, dramatists, and poets, were keenly interested in expanding overseas trade, discovering new continents, opening up new sea routes, and establishing contact with China in particular. Studies show that Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night is closely related to the British desire for and construction of the contact with China during the Elizabethan era, as evidenced by the royal family’s letters to the Chinese emperor, British trade and diplomacy, the opening of new sea routes and the drawing of new maps, the performance in Cecil’s house warming and so on. As a playwright, Shakespeare was influenced by Elizabeth I’s “Cathy Venture” plan in search for “China”.

关 键 词：《第十二夜》 中国人 中国追寻 伊丽莎白一世 外交 

分 类 号：I561.073[文学—其他各国文学]