纺织品霉变微生物的分离纯化与鉴定  

Isolation,purification and identification of moldy microorganisms on textiles

作　　者：陶娅妃 张嫄 周椿浩 胡芸[2] 孙付保[2] 刘建立 TAO Yafei;ZHANG Yuan;ZHOU Chunhao;HU Yun;SUN Fubao;LIU Jianli(College of Textile Science and Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China;School of Biotechnology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China;Wuxi Little Swan Electric Co.,Ltd.,Wuxi 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学纺织科学与工程学院,江苏无锡214122 [2]江南大学生物工程学院,江苏无锡214122 [3]无锡小天鹅电器有限公司,江苏无锡2140353

出　　处：《丝绸》2022年第3期40-44,共5页Journal of Silk

摘　　要：为了确定霉变棉织物上霉变微生物的种类,文章采用PDA培养基划线分离纯化,从霉变棉织物上得到5种霉菌,然后采用真菌形态学和显微形态学进行了初步鉴定。结果表明,引起棉织物霉变的微生物主要为曲霉属霉菌、青霉属霉菌和根霉属霉菌,其中曲霉属占比60%,为棉织物致霉的优势菌属。通过对纯化后的霉菌进行18S rDNA-ITS序列分析,并在NCBI核酸序列数据库里比较序列同源性,鉴定为5个种,分别为谢瓦式曲霉、指状青霉、聚曲多霉、米根霉和黑曲霉。文章利用形态学方法结合ITS序列分析鉴定霉菌种类,使得获取结果更加快速和精准,为纺织品防霉基础研究与抗霉材料研发提供参考。During the wearing process,clothing will be contaminated by microorganisms from the human skin together with sebaceous lipids,sweat,and dead skin cells,which serve as a source of microbial nutrition.Therefore,clothing is easily contaminated by microorganisms in the air in the environment of daily life and is prone to mildew in warm and humid climate.The invasion of microbes in textile materials is mainly due to the presence of fungi.The growth of mildew on textiles has a series of effects not only on the textile itself but also on the wearer because mildew can secrete enzymes to decompose cotton,wool,and silk containing carbon,sulfur,and other nutrient sources into nutrients to promote their rapid reproduction and growth.At the same time,the mold will secrete organic acids and pigments during the growth process,causing acid corrosion and discoloration to the textiles,affecting their mechanical properties and aesthetics,and shortening the service life of the textiles.Therefore,it is necessary to identify the kinds of mildew on textiles,and adopt corresponding physical and chemical methods to inhibit their growth on the surface of the fabric according to the physiological and biochemical characteristics of these microorganisms,protect the textiles,and extend their service life.In this experiment,mildew microorganisms were extracted from moldy cotton fabrics.Then,they were separated and purified by streaking on the PDA culture medium suitable for mildew growth,and a single bacterial strain was obtained.Microbial morphology was used for preliminary identification,and the gene sequencing identification of mildew microorganisms was completed through ITS sequence analysis.The moldy cotton fabric was collected from the real environment,and the mold-causing microorganisms were isolated and purified from the above.The mildew was identified through microbial morphology and ITS sequence analysis,and the species of mildew and the dominant fungi causing the mildew of cotton fabric were determined,providing a scientific basis f

关 键 词：棉织物 霉菌 形态学 序列分析 纯化与鉴定 

分 类 号：TS117.6[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]